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ClickHouse/docs/ru/query_language/dicts/external_dicts.md

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<a name="dicts-external_dicts"></a>
Headers markup is unified through the document.
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# Внешние словари
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Links fixed to standard MD syntax and the docs sources are the linked GitHub site. Russian sources are updated following the english ones.
2017-11-17 14:12:34 +00:00
Существует возможность подключать собственные словари из различных источников данных. Источником данных для словаря может быть локальный текстовый/исполняемый файл, HTTP(s) ресурс или другая СУБД. Подробнее смотрите в разделе "[Источники внешних словарей](external_dicts_dict_sources.md#dicts-external_dicts_dict_sources)".
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ClickHouse:
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- Полностью или частично хранит словари в оперативной памяти.
- Периодически обновляет их и динамически подгружает отсутствующие значения. Т.е. словари можно подгружать динамически.
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Some WIP on documentation refactoring (#2659) * Additional .gitignore entries * Merge a bunch of small articles about system tables into single one * Merge a bunch of small articles about formats into single one * Adapt table with formats to English docs too * Add SPb meetup link to main page * Move Utilities out of top level of docs (the location is probably not yet final) + translate couple articles * Merge MacOS.md into build_osx.md * Move Data types higher in ToC * Publish changelog on website alongside documentation * Few fixes for en/table_engines/file.md * Use smaller header sizes in changelogs * Group up table engines inside ToC * Move table engines out of top level too * Specificy in ToC that query language is SQL based. Thats a bit excessive, but catches eye. * Move stuff that is part of query language into respective folder * Move table functions lower in ToC * Lost redirects.txt update * Do not rely on comments in yaml + fix few ru titles * Extract major parts of queries.md into separate articles * queries.md has been supposed to be removed * Fix weird translation * Fix a bunch of links * There is only table of contents left * "Query language" is actually part of SQL abbreviation * Change filename in README.md too * fix mistype
2018-07-18 10:00:53 +00:00
Конфигурация внешних словарей находится в одном или нескольких файлах. Путь к конфигурации указывается в параметре [dictionaries_config](../../operations/server_settings/settings.md#server_settings-dictionaries_config).
Replacing 'RestructuredText' sources with the 'Markdown' ones.
2017-10-25 05:27:09 +00:00
Some WIP on documentation refactoring (#2659) * Additional .gitignore entries * Merge a bunch of small articles about system tables into single one * Merge a bunch of small articles about formats into single one * Adapt table with formats to English docs too * Add SPb meetup link to main page * Move Utilities out of top level of docs (the location is probably not yet final) + translate couple articles * Merge MacOS.md into build_osx.md * Move Data types higher in ToC * Publish changelog on website alongside documentation * Few fixes for en/table_engines/file.md * Use smaller header sizes in changelogs * Group up table engines inside ToC * Move table engines out of top level too * Specificy in ToC that query language is SQL based. Thats a bit excessive, but catches eye. * Move stuff that is part of query language into respective folder * Move table functions lower in ToC * Lost redirects.txt update * Do not rely on comments in yaml + fix few ru titles * Extract major parts of queries.md into separate articles * queries.md has been supposed to be removed * Fix weird translation * Fix a bunch of links * There is only table of contents left * "Query language" is actually part of SQL abbreviation * Change filename in README.md too * fix mistype
2018-07-18 10:00:53 +00:00
Словари могут загружаться при старте сервера или при первом использовании, в зависимости от настройки [dictionaries_lazy_load](../../operations/server_settings/settings.md#server_settings-dictionaries_lazy_load).
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Конфигурационный файл словарей имеет вид:
```xml
updating docs for dictionaries
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<yandex>
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<comment>Необязательный элемент с любым содержимым. Игнорируется сервером ClickHouse.</comment>
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<!--Необязательный элемент, имя файла с подстановками-->
<include_from>/etc/metrika.xml</include_from>
English translation is updated.
2018-04-23 06:20:21 +00:00
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<dictionary>
<!-- Конфигурация словаря -->
</dictionary>
...
<dictionary>
<!-- Конфигурация словаря -->
</dictionary>
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</yandex>
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```
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В одном файле можно [сконфигурировать](external_dicts_dict.md#dicts-external_dicts_dict) произвольное количество словарей. Формат файла сохраняется даже если словарь один (т.е. `<yandex><dictionary> <!--configuration--> </dictionary></yandex>`).
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>Вы можете преобразовывать значения по небольшому словарю, описав его в запросе `SELECT` (см. функцию [transform](../functions/other_functions.md#other_functions-transform)). Эта функциональность не связана с внешними словарями.
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Смотрите также:
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- [Настройка внешнего словаря](external_dicts_dict.md#dicts-external_dicts_dict)
- [Хранение словарей в памяти](external_dicts_dict_layout.md#dicts-external_dicts_dict_layout)
- [Обновление словарей](external_dicts_dict_lifetime#dicts-external_dicts_dict_lifetime)
- [Источники внешних словарей](external_dicts_dict_sources.md#dicts-external_dicts_dict_sources)
- [Ключ и поля словаря](external_dicts_dict_structure.md#dicts-external_dicts_dict_structure)
- [Функции для работы с внешними словарями](../functions/ext_dict_functions.md#ext_dict_functions)
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