The arguments must be constants and have types that have the smallest common type. At least one argument must be passed, because otherwise it isn't clear which type of array to create. That is, you can't use this function to create an empty array (to do that, use the 'emptyArray\*' function described above).
Returns an 'Array(T)' type result, where 'T' is the smallest common type out of the passed arguments.
Negative indexes are supported. In this case, it selects the corresponding element numbered from the end. For example, `arr[-1]` is the last item in the array.
If the index falls outside of the bounds of an array, it returns some default value (0 for numbers, an empty string for strings, etc.), except for the case with a non-constant array and a constant index 0 (in this case there will be an error `Array indices are 1-based`).
In this example, Reaches is the number of conversions (the strings received after applying ARRAY JOIN), and Hits is the number of pageviews (strings before ARRAY JOIN). In this particular case, you can get the same result in an easier way:
In this example, each goal ID has a calculation of the number of conversions (each element in the Goals nested data structure is a goal that was reached, which we refer to as a conversion) and the number of sessions. Without ARRAY JOIN, we would have counted the number of sessions as sum(Sign). But in this particular case, the rows were multiplied by the nested Goals structure, so in order to count each session one time after this, we apply a condition to the value of the arrayEnumerateUniq(Goals.ID) function.
The arrayEnumerateUniq function can take multiple arrays of the same size as arguments. In this case, uniqueness is considered for tuples of elements in the same positions in all the arrays.
-`single_value`– A single value. Only numbers can be added to an array with numbers, and only strings can be added to an array of strings. When adding numbers, ClickHouse automatically sets the `single_value` type for the data type of the array. For more information about the types of data in ClickHouse, see "[Data types](../../data_types/index.md#data_types)". Can be `NULL`. The function adds a `NULL` element to an array, and the type of array elements converts to `Nullable`.
-`single_value`– A single value. Only numbers can be added to an array with numbers, and only strings can be added to an array of strings. When adding numbers, ClickHouse automatically sets the `single_value` type for the data type of the array. For more information about the types of data in ClickHouse, see "[Data types](../../data_types/index.md#data_types)". Can be `NULL`. The function adds a `NULL` element to an array, and the type of array elements converts to `Nullable`.
- If `size` is less than the original size of the array, the array is truncated from the right.
- If `size` is larger than the initial size of the array, the array is extended to the right with `extender` values or default values for the data type of the array items.
-`extender` — Value for extending an array. Can be `NULL`.
-`offset`– Indent from the edge of the array. A positive value indicates an offset on the left, and a negative value is an indent on the right. Numbering of the array items begins with 1.
-`length` - The length of the required slice. If you specify a negative value, the function returns an open slice `[offset, array_length - length)`. If you omit the value, the function returns the slice `[offset, the_end_of_array]`.
Sorts the elements of the `arr` array in ascending order. If the `func` function is specified, sorting order is determined by the result of the `func` function applied to the elements of the array. If `func` accepts multiple arguments, the `arraySort` function is passed several arrays that the arguments of `func` will correspond to. Detailed examples are shown at the end of `arraySort` description.
Note that `arraySort` is a [higher-order function](higher_order_functions.md). You can pass a lambda function to it as the first argument. In this case, sorting order is determined by the result of the lambda function applied to the elements of the array.
For each element of the source array, the lambda function returns the sorting key, that is, [1 –> -1, 2 –> -2, 3 –> -3]. Since the `arraySort` function sorts the keys in ascending order, the result is [3, 2, 1]. Thus, the `(x) –> -x` lambda function sets the [descending order](#array_functions-reverse-sort) in a sorting.
The lambda function can accept multiple arguments. In this case, you need to pass the `arraySort` function several arrays of identical length that the arguments of lambda function will correspond to. The resulting array will consist of elements from the first input array; elements from the next input array(s) specify the sorting keys. For example:
Here, the elements that are passed in the second array ([2, 1]) define a sorting key for the corresponding element from the source array (['hello', 'world']), that is, ['hello' –> 2, 'world' –> 1]. Since the lambda function doesn't use `x`, actual values of the source array don't affect the order in the result. So, 'hello' will be the second element in the result, and 'world' will be the first.
Sorts the elements of the `arr` array in descending order. If the `func` function is specified, `arr` is sorted according to the result of the `func` function applied to the elements of the array, and then the sorted array is reversed. If `func` accepts multiple arguments, the `arrayReverseSort` function is passed several arrays that the arguments of `func` will correspond to. Detailed examples are shown at the end of `arrayReverseSort` description.
Note that the `arrayReverseSort` is a [higher-order function](higher_order_functions.md). You can pass a lambda function to it as the first argument. Example is shown below.
1. At first, the source array ([1, 2, 3]) is sorted according to the result of the lambda function applied to the elements of the array. The result is an array [3, 2, 1].
The lambda function can accept multiple arguments. In this case, you need to pass the `arrayReverseSort` function several arrays of identical length that the arguments of lambda function will correspond to. The resulting array will consist of elements from the first input array; elements from the next input array(s) specify the sorting keys. For example:
1. At first, the source array (['hello', 'world']) is sorted according to the result of the lambda function applied to the elements of the arrays. The elements that are passed in the second array ([2, 1]), define the sorting keys for corresponding elements from the source array. The result is an array ['world', 'hello'].
Returns an array of the same size as the source array, indicating where each element first appears in the source array. For example: arrayEnumerateDense([10,20,10,30]) = [1,2,1,3].
Takes an array, returns the intersection of all array elements. For example:
```sql
SELECT
arrayIntersect([1, 2], [1, 3], [2, 3]) AS no_intersect,
arrayIntersect([1, 2], [1, 3], [1, 4]) AS intersect
```
```
┌─no_intersect─┬─intersect─┐
│ [] │ [1] │
└──────────────┴───────────┘
```
## arrayReduce(agg_func, arr1, ...)
Applies an aggregate function to array and returns its result.If aggregate function has multiple arguments, then this function can be applied to multiple arrays of the same size.
arrayReduce('agg_func', arr1, ...) - apply the aggregate function `agg_func` to arrays `arr1...`. If multiple arrays passed, then elements on corresponding positions are passed as multiple arguments to the aggregate function. For example: SELECT arrayReduce('max', [1,2,3]) = 3
## arrayReverse(arr)
Returns an array of the same size as the source array, containing the result of inverting all elements of the source array.
