ClickHouse/docs/zh/introduction/performance.md

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# Performance
根据Yandex的内部测试结果ClickHouse表现出了比同类可比较产品更优的性能。你可以在[这里](https://clickhouse.yandex/benchmark.html)查看具体的测试结果。
WIP on docs (#3813) * CLICKHOUSE-4063: less manual html @ index.md * CLICKHOUSE-4063: recommend markdown="1" in README.md * CLICKHOUSE-4003: manually purge custom.css for now * CLICKHOUSE-4064: expand <details> before any print (including to pdf) * CLICKHOUSE-3927: rearrange interfaces/formats.md a bit * CLICKHOUSE-3306: add few http headers * Remove copy-paste introduced in #3392 * Hopefully better chinese fonts #3392 * get rid of tabs @ custom.css * Apply comments and patch from #3384 * Add jdbc.md to ToC and some translation, though it still looks badly incomplete * minor punctuation * Add some backlinks to official website from mirrors that just blindly take markdown sources * Do not make fonts extra light * find . -name '*.md' -type f | xargs -I{} perl -pi -e 's//g' {} * find . -name '*.md' -type f | xargs -I{} perl -pi -e 's/ sql/g' {} * Remove outdated stuff from roadmap.md * Not so light font on front page too * Refactor Chinese formats.md to match recent changes in other languages * Update some links on front page * Remove some outdated comment * Add twitter link to front page * More front page links tuning * Add Amsterdam meetup link * Smaller font to avoid second line * Add Amsterdam link to README.md * Proper docs nav translation * Back to 300 font-weight except Chinese * fix docs build * Update Amsterdam link * remove symlinks * more zh punctuation * apply lost comment by @zhang2014 * Apply comments by @zhang2014 from #3417 * Remove Beijing link * rm incorrect symlink * restore content of docs/zh/operations/table_engines/index.md * CLICKHOUSE-3751: stem terms while searching docs * CLICKHOUSE-3751: use English stemmer in non-English docs too * CLICKHOUSE-4135 fix * Remove past meetup link * Add blog link to top nav * Add ContentSquare article link * Add form link to front page + refactor some texts * couple markup fixes * minor * Introduce basic ODBC driver page in docs * More verbose 3rd party libs disclaimer * Put third-party stuff into a separate folder * Separate third-party stuff in ToC too * Update links * Move stuff that is not really (only) a client library into a separate page * Add clickhouse-hdfs-loader link * Some introduction for "interfaces" section * Rewrite tcp.md * http_interface.md -> http.md * fix link * Remove unconvenient error for now * try to guess anchor instead of failing * remove symlink * Remove outdated info from introduction * remove ru roadmap.md * replace ru roadmap.md with symlink * Update roadmap.md * lost file * Title case in toc_en.yml * Sync "Functions" ToC section with en * Remove reference to pretty old ClickHouse release from docs * couple lost symlinks in fa * Close quote in proper place * Rewrite en/getting_started/index.md * Sync en<>ru getting_started/index.md * minor changes * Some gui.md refactoring * Translate DataGrip section to ru * Translate DataGrip section to zh * Translate DataGrip section to fa * Translate DBeaver section to fa * Translate DBeaver section to zh * Split third-party GUI to open-source and commercial * Mention some RDBMS integrations + ad-hoc translation fixes * Add rel="external nofollow" to outgoing links from docs * Lost blank lines * Fix class name * More rel="external nofollow" * Apply suggestions by @sundy-li * Mobile version of front page improvements * test * test 2 * test 3 * Update LICENSE * minor docs fix * Highlight current article as suggested by @sundy-li * fix link destination * Introduce backup.md (only "en" for now) * Mention INSERT+SELECT in backup.md * Some improvements for replication.md * Add backup.md to toc * Mention clickhouse-backup tool * Mention LightHouse in third-party GUI list * Introduce interfaces/third-party/proxy.md * Add clickhouse-bulk to proxy.md * Major extension of integrations.md contents * fix link target * remove unneeded file * better toc item name * fix markdown * better ru punctuation * Add yet another possible backup approach * Simplify copying permalinks to headers * Support non-eng link anchors in docs + update some deps * Generate anchors for single-page mode automatically * Remove anchors to top of pages * Remove anchors that nobody links to * build fixes * fix few links * restore css * fix some links * restore gifs * fix lost words * more docs fixes * docs fixes * NULL anchor * update urllib3 dependency * more fixes
2018-12-12 17:28:00 +00:00
许多其他的测试也证实这一点。你可以使用互联网搜索到它们,或者你也可以从[我们收集的部分相关连接](https://clickhouse.yandex/#independent-benchmarks)中查看。
## 单个大查询的吞吐量
吞吐量可以使用每秒处理的行数或每秒处理的字节数来衡量。如果数据被放置在page cache中则一个不太复杂的查询在单个服务器上大约能够以2-10GBs未压缩的速度进行处理对于简单的查询速度可以达到30GBs。如果数据没有在page cache中的话那么速度将取决于你的磁盘系统和数据的压缩率。例如如果一个磁盘允许以400MBs的速度读取数据并且数据压缩率是3则数据的处理速度为1.2GB/s。这意味着如果你是在提取一个10字节的列那么它的处理速度大约是1-2亿行每秒。
对于分布式处理,处理速度几乎是线性扩展的,但这受限于聚合或排序的结果不是那么大的情况下。
## 处理短查询的延迟时间
如果一个查询使用主键并且没有太多行(几十万)进行处理并且没有查询太多的列那么在数据被page cache缓存的情况下它的延迟应该小于50毫秒(在最佳的情况下应该小于10毫秒)。 否则延迟取决于数据的查找次数。如果你当前使用的是HDD在数据没有加载的情况下查询所需要的延迟可以通过以下公式计算得知 查找时间10 ms \* 查询的列的数量 \* 查询的数据块的数量。
## 处理大量短查询的吞吐量
在相同的情况下ClickHouse可以在单个服务器上每秒处理数百个查询在最佳的情况下最多可以处理数千个。但是由于这不适用于分析型场景。因此我们建议每秒最多查询100次。
## 数据的写入性能
我们建议每次写入不少于1000行的批量写入或每秒不超过一个写入请求。当使用tab-separated格式将一份数据写入到MergeTree表中时写入速度大约为50到200MB/s。如果您写入的数据每行为1Kb那么写入的速度为50000到200000行每秒。如果您的行更小那么写入速度将更高。为了提高写入性能您可以使用多个INSERT进行并行写入这将带来线性的性能提升。
[来源文章](https://clickhouse.yandex/docs/en/introduction/performance/) <!--hide-->