ClickHouse/src/Functions/formatDateTime.cpp

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#include <DataTypes/DataTypeString.h>
#include <DataTypes/DataTypeDate.h>
#include <DataTypes/DataTypeDateTime.h>
#include <DataTypes/DataTypeDateTime64.h>
#include <Columns/ColumnString.h>
#include <Functions/IFunctionImpl.h>
#include <Functions/FunctionHelpers.h>
#include <Functions/FunctionFactory.h>
#include <Functions/DateTimeTransforms.h>
#include <Functions/extractTimeZoneFromFunctionArguments.h>
#include <IO/WriteHelpers.h>
#include <common/DateLUTImpl.h>
#include <common/find_symbols.h>
#include <Core/DecimalFunctions.h>
#include <type_traits>
namespace DB
{
namespace ErrorCodes
{
extern const int NUMBER_OF_ARGUMENTS_DOESNT_MATCH;
extern const int ILLEGAL_TYPE_OF_ARGUMENT;
extern const int NOT_IMPLEMENTED;
extern const int ILLEGAL_COLUMN;
extern const int BAD_ARGUMENTS;
}
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namespace
{
// in private namespace to avoid GCC 9 error: "explicit specialization in non-namespace scope"
template <typename DataType> struct ActionaValueTypeMap {};
template <> struct ActionaValueTypeMap<DataTypeDate> { using ActionValueType = UInt16; };
template <> struct ActionaValueTypeMap<DataTypeDateTime> { using ActionValueType = UInt32; };
// TODO(vnemkov): once there is support for Int64 in LUT, make that Int64.
// TODO(vnemkov): to add sub-second format instruction, make that DateTime64 and do some math in Action<T>.
template <> struct ActionaValueTypeMap<DataTypeDateTime64> { using ActionValueType = UInt32; };
}
/** formatDateTime(time, 'pattern')
* Performs formatting of time, according to provided pattern.
*
* This function is optimized with an assumption, that the resulting strings are fixed width.
* (This assumption is fulfilled for currently supported formatting options).
*
* It is implemented in two steps.
* At first step, it creates a pattern of zeros, literal characters, whitespaces, etc.
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* and quickly fills resulting character array (string column) with this pattern.
* At second step, it walks across the resulting character array and modifies/replaces specific charaters,
* by calling some functions by pointers and shifting cursor by specified amount.
*
* Advantages:
* - memcpy is mostly unrolled;
* - low number of arithmetic ops due to pre-filled pattern;
* - for somewhat reason, function by pointer call is faster than switch/case.
*
* Possible further optimization options:
* - slightly interleave first and second step for better cache locality
* (but it has no sense when character array fits in L1d cache);
* - avoid indirect function calls and inline functions with JIT compilation.
*
* Performance on Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6700 CPU @ 3.40GHz:
*
* WITH formatDateTime(now() + number, '%H:%M:%S') AS x SELECT count() FROM system.numbers WHERE NOT ignore(x);
* - 97 million rows per second per core;
*
* WITH formatDateTime(toDateTime('2018-01-01 00:00:00') + number, '%F %T') AS x SELECT count() FROM system.numbers WHERE NOT ignore(x)
* - 71 million rows per second per core;
*
* select count() from (select formatDateTime(t, '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S') from (select toDateTime('2018-01-01 00:00:00')+number as t from numbers(100000000)));
* - 53 million rows per second per core;
*
* select count() from (select formatDateTime(t, 'Hello %Y World') from (select toDateTime('2018-01-01 00:00:00')+number as t from numbers(100000000)));
* - 138 million rows per second per core;
*
* PS. We can make this function to return FixedString. Currently it returns String.
*/
class FunctionFormatDateTime : public IFunction
{
private:
/// Time is either UInt32 for DateTime or UInt16 for Date.
template <typename Time>
class Action
{
public:
using Func = void (*)(char *, Time, const DateLUTImpl &);
Func func;
size_t shift;
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explicit Action(Func func_, size_t shift_ = 0) : func(func_), shift(shift_) {}
void perform(char *& target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone)
{
func(target, source, timezone);
target += shift;
}
private:
template <typename T>
static inline void writeNumber2(char * p, T v)
{
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memcpy(p, &digits100[v * 2], 2);
}
template <typename T>
static inline void writeNumber3(char * p, T v)
{
writeNumber2(p, v / 10);
p[2] += v % 10;
}
template <typename T>
static inline void writeNumber4(char * p, T v)
{
writeNumber2(p, v / 100);
writeNumber2(p + 2, v % 100);
}
public:
static void noop(char *, Time, const DateLUTImpl &)
{
}
static void century(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone)
{
auto year = ToYearImpl::execute(source, timezone);
auto century = year / 100;
writeNumber2(target, century);
}
static void dayOfMonth(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone)
{
writeNumber2(target, ToDayOfMonthImpl::execute(source, timezone));
}
static void americanDate(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone)
{
writeNumber2(target, ToMonthImpl::execute(source, timezone));
writeNumber2(target + 3, ToDayOfMonthImpl::execute(source, timezone));
writeNumber2(target + 6, ToYearImpl::execute(source, timezone) % 100);
}
static void dayOfMonthSpacePadded(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone)
{
auto day = ToDayOfMonthImpl::execute(source, timezone);
if (day < 10)
target[1] += day;
else
writeNumber2(target, day);
}
static void ISO8601Date(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone) // NOLINT
{
writeNumber4(target, ToYearImpl::execute(source, timezone));
writeNumber2(target + 5, ToMonthImpl::execute(source, timezone));
writeNumber2(target + 8, ToDayOfMonthImpl::execute(source, timezone));
}
static void dayOfYear(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone)
{
writeNumber3(target, ToDayOfYearImpl::execute(source, timezone));
}
static void month(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone)
{
writeNumber2(target, ToMonthImpl::execute(source, timezone));
}
static void dayOfWeek(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone)
{
*target += ToDayOfWeekImpl::execute(source, timezone);
}
static void dayOfWeek0To6(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone)
{
auto day = ToDayOfWeekImpl::execute(source, timezone);
*target += (day == 7 ? 0 : day);
}
static void ISO8601Week(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone) // NOLINT
{
writeNumber2(target, ToISOWeekImpl::execute(source, timezone));
}
static void year2(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone)
{
writeNumber2(target, ToYearImpl::execute(source, timezone) % 100);
}
static void year4(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone)
{
writeNumber4(target, ToYearImpl::execute(source, timezone));
}
static void hour24(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone)
{
writeNumber2(target, ToHourImpl::execute(source, timezone));
}
static void hour12(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone)
{
auto x = ToHourImpl::execute(source, timezone);
writeNumber2(target, x == 0 ? 12 : (x > 12 ? x - 12 : x));
}
static void minute(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone)
{
writeNumber2(target, ToMinuteImpl::execute(source, timezone));
}
static void AMPM(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone) // NOLINT
{
auto hour = ToHourImpl::execute(source, timezone);
if (hour >= 12)
*target = 'P';
}
static void hhmm24(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone)
{
writeNumber2(target, ToHourImpl::execute(source, timezone));
writeNumber2(target + 3, ToMinuteImpl::execute(source, timezone));
}
static void second(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone)
{
writeNumber2(target, ToSecondImpl::execute(source, timezone));
}
static void ISO8601Time(char * target, Time source, const DateLUTImpl & timezone) // NOLINT
{
writeNumber2(target, ToHourImpl::execute(source, timezone));
writeNumber2(target + 3, ToMinuteImpl::execute(source, timezone));
writeNumber2(target + 6, ToSecondImpl::execute(source, timezone));
}
};
public:
static constexpr auto name = "formatDateTime";
static FunctionPtr create(const Context &) { return std::make_shared<FunctionFormatDateTime>(); }
String getName() const override
{
return name;
}
bool useDefaultImplementationForConstants() const override { return true; }
ColumnNumbers getArgumentsThatAreAlwaysConstant() const override { return {1, 2}; }
bool isVariadic() const override { return true; }
size_t getNumberOfArguments() const override { return 0; }
DataTypePtr getReturnTypeImpl(const ColumnsWithTypeAndName & arguments) const override
{
if (arguments.size() != 2 && arguments.size() != 3)
throw Exception("Number of arguments for function " + getName() + " doesn't match: passed "
+ toString(arguments.size()) + ", should be 2 or 3",
ErrorCodes::NUMBER_OF_ARGUMENTS_DOESNT_MATCH);
if (!WhichDataType(arguments[0].type).isDateOrDateTime())
throw Exception("Illegal type " + arguments[0].type->getName() + " of 1 argument of function " + getName() +
". Should be a date or a date with time", ErrorCodes::ILLEGAL_TYPE_OF_ARGUMENT);
if (!WhichDataType(arguments[1].type).isString())
throw Exception("Illegal type " + arguments[1].type->getName() + " of 2 argument of function " + getName() + ". Must be String.",
ErrorCodes::ILLEGAL_TYPE_OF_ARGUMENT);
if (arguments.size() == 3)
{
if (!WhichDataType(arguments[2].type).isString())
throw Exception("Illegal type " + arguments[2].type->getName() + " of 3 argument of function " + getName() + ". Must be String.",
ErrorCodes::ILLEGAL_TYPE_OF_ARGUMENT);
}
return std::make_shared<DataTypeString>();
}
void executeImpl(Block & block, const ColumnNumbers & arguments, size_t result, size_t /*input_rows_count*/) override
{
if (!executeType<DataTypeDate>(block, arguments, result)
&& !executeType<DataTypeDateTime>(block, arguments, result)
&& !executeType<DataTypeDateTime64>(block, arguments, result))
throw Exception("Illegal column " + block.getByPosition(arguments[0]).column->getName()
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+ " of function " + getName() + ", must be Date or DateTime",
ErrorCodes::ILLEGAL_COLUMN);
}
template <typename DataType>
bool executeType(Block & block, const ColumnNumbers & arguments, size_t result)
{
auto * times = checkAndGetColumn<typename DataType::ColumnType>(block.getByPosition(arguments[0]).column.get());
if (!times)
return false;
const ColumnConst * pattern_column = checkAndGetColumnConst<ColumnString>(block.getByPosition(arguments[1]).column.get());
if (!pattern_column)
throw Exception("Illegal column " + block.getByPosition(arguments[1]).column->getName()
+ " of second ('format') argument of function " + getName()
+ ". Must be constant string.",
ErrorCodes::ILLEGAL_COLUMN);
String pattern = pattern_column->getValue<String>();
using T = typename ActionaValueTypeMap<DataType>::ActionValueType;
std::vector<Action<T>> instructions;
String pattern_to_fill = parsePattern(pattern, instructions);
size_t result_size = pattern_to_fill.size();
const DateLUTImpl * time_zone_tmp = nullptr;
if (std::is_same_v<DataType, DataTypeDateTime64> || std::is_same_v<DataType, DataTypeDateTime>)
time_zone_tmp = &extractTimeZoneFromFunctionArguments(block, arguments, 2, 0);
else
time_zone_tmp = &DateLUT::instance();
const DateLUTImpl & time_zone = *time_zone_tmp;
const auto & vec = times->getData();
UInt32 scale [[maybe_unused]] = 0;
if constexpr (std::is_same_v<DataType, DataTypeDateTime64>)
{
scale = vec.getScale();
}
auto col_res = ColumnString::create();
auto & dst_data = col_res->getChars();
auto & dst_offsets = col_res->getOffsets();
dst_data.resize(vec.size() * (result_size + 1));
dst_offsets.resize(vec.size());
/// Fill result with literals.
{
UInt8 * begin = dst_data.data();
UInt8 * end = begin + dst_data.size();
UInt8 * pos = begin;
if (pos < end)
{
memcpy(pos, pattern_to_fill.data(), result_size + 1); /// With zero terminator.
pos += result_size + 1;
}
/// Fill by copying exponential growing ranges.
while (pos < end)
{
size_t bytes_to_copy = std::min(pos - begin, end - pos);
memcpy(pos, begin, bytes_to_copy);
pos += bytes_to_copy;
}
}
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auto * begin = reinterpret_cast<char *>(dst_data.data());
auto * pos = begin;
for (size_t i = 0; i < vec.size(); ++i)
{
if constexpr (std::is_same_v<DataType, DataTypeDateTime64>)
{
for (auto & instruction : instructions)
{
// since right now LUT does not support Int64-values and not format instructions for subsecond parts,
// treat DatTime64 values just as DateTime values by ignoring fractional and casting to UInt32.
const auto c = DecimalUtils::split(vec[i], scale);
instruction.perform(pos, static_cast<UInt32>(c.whole), time_zone);
}
}
else
{
for (auto & instruction : instructions)
instruction.perform(pos, vec[i], time_zone);
}
dst_offsets[i] = pos - begin;
}
dst_data.resize(pos - begin);
block.getByPosition(result).column = std::move(col_res);
return true;
}
template <typename T>
String parsePattern(const String & pattern, std::vector<Action<T>> & instructions) const
{
String result;
const char * pos = pattern.data();
const char * end = pos + pattern.size();
/// Add shift to previous action; or if there were none, add noop action with shift.
auto add_shift = [&](size_t amount)
{
if (instructions.empty())
instructions.emplace_back(&Action<T>::noop);
instructions.back().shift += amount;
};
/// If the argument was DateTime, add instruction for printing. If it was date, just shift (the buffer is pre-filled with default values).
auto add_instruction_or_shift = [&](typename Action<T>::Func func [[maybe_unused]], size_t shift)
{
if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, UInt32>)
instructions.emplace_back(func, shift);
else
add_shift(shift);
};
while (true)
{
const char * percent_pos = find_first_symbols<'%'>(pos, end);
if (percent_pos < end)
{
if (pos < percent_pos)
{
result.append(pos, percent_pos);
add_shift(percent_pos - pos);
}
pos = percent_pos + 1;
if (pos >= end)
throw Exception("Sign '%' is the last in pattern, if you need it, use '%%'", ErrorCodes::BAD_ARGUMENTS);
switch (*pos)
{
// Year, divided by 100, zero-padded
case 'C':
instructions.emplace_back(&Action<T>::century, 2);
result.append("00");
break;
// Day of month, zero-padded (01-31)
case 'd':
instructions.emplace_back(&Action<T>::dayOfMonth, 2);
result.append("00");
break;
// Short MM/DD/YY date, equivalent to %m/%d/%y
case 'D':
instructions.emplace_back(&Action<T>::americanDate, 8);
result.append("00/00/00");
break;
// Day of month, space-padded ( 1-31) 23
case 'e':
instructions.emplace_back(&Action<T>::dayOfMonthSpacePadded, 2);
result.append(" 0");
break;
// Short YYYY-MM-DD date, equivalent to %Y-%m-%d 2001-08-23
case 'F':
instructions.emplace_back(&Action<T>::ISO8601Date, 10);
result.append("0000-00-00");
break;
// Day of the year (001-366) 235
case 'j':
instructions.emplace_back(&Action<T>::dayOfYear, 3);
result.append("000");
break;
// Month as a decimal number (01-12)
case 'm':
instructions.emplace_back(&Action<T>::month, 2);
result.append("00");
break;
// ISO 8601 weekday as number with Monday as 1 (1-7)
case 'u':
instructions.emplace_back(&Action<T>::dayOfWeek, 1);
result.append("0");
break;
// ISO 8601 week number (01-53)
case 'V':
instructions.emplace_back(&Action<T>::ISO8601Week, 2);
result.append("00");
break;
// Weekday as a decimal number with Sunday as 0 (0-6) 4
case 'w':
instructions.emplace_back(&Action<T>::dayOfWeek0To6, 1);
result.append("0");
break;
// Two digits year
case 'y':
instructions.emplace_back(&Action<T>::year2, 2);
result.append("00");
break;
// Four digits year
case 'Y':
instructions.emplace_back(&Action<T>::year4, 4);
result.append("0000");
break;
/// Time components. If the argument is Date, not a DateTime, then this components will have default value.
// Minute (00-59)
case 'M':
add_instruction_or_shift(&Action<T>::minute, 2);
result.append("00");
break;
// AM or PM
case 'p':
add_instruction_or_shift(&Action<T>::AMPM, 2);
result.append("AM");
break;
// 24-hour HH:MM time, equivalent to %H:%M 14:55
case 'R':
add_instruction_or_shift(&Action<T>::hhmm24, 5);
result.append("00:00");
break;
// Seconds
case 'S':
add_instruction_or_shift(&Action<T>::second, 2);
result.append("00");
break;
// ISO 8601 time format (HH:MM:SS), equivalent to %H:%M:%S 14:55:02
case 'T':
add_instruction_or_shift(&Action<T>::ISO8601Time, 8);
result.append("00:00:00");
break;
// Hour in 24h format (00-23)
case 'H':
add_instruction_or_shift(&Action<T>::hour24, 2);
result.append("00");
break;
// Hour in 12h format (01-12)
case 'I':
add_instruction_or_shift(&Action<T>::hour12, 2);
result.append("12");
break;
/// Escaped literal characters.
case '%':
result += '%';
add_shift(1);
break;
case 't':
result += '\t';
add_shift(1);
break;
case 'n':
result += '\n';
add_shift(1);
break;
// Unimplemented
case 'U': [[fallthrough]];
case 'W':
throw Exception("Wrong pattern '" + pattern + "', symbol '" + *pos + " is not implemented ' for function " + getName(),
ErrorCodes::NOT_IMPLEMENTED);
default:
throw Exception(
"Wrong pattern '" + pattern + "', unexpected symbol '" + *pos + "' for function " + getName(), ErrorCodes::ILLEGAL_COLUMN);
}
++pos;
}
else
{
result.append(pos, end);
add_shift(end + 1 - pos); /// including zero terminator
break;
}
}
return result;
}
};
void registerFunctionFormatDateTime(FunctionFactory & factory)
{
factory.registerFunction<FunctionFormatDateTime>();
}
}