ClickHouse/docs/zh/guides/apply-catboost-model.md

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---
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sidebar_position: 41
sidebar_label: "\u5E94\u7528CatBoost\u6A21\u578B"
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---
# 在ClickHouse中应用Catboost模型 {#applying-catboost-model-in-clickhouse}
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[CatBoost](https://catboost.ai) 是一个由[Yandex](https://yandex.com/company/)开发的开源免费机器学习库。
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通过本篇文档您将学会如何用SQL语句调用已经存放在Clickhouse中的预训练模型来预测数据。
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为了在ClickHouse中应用CatBoost模型需要进行如下步骤
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1. [创建数据表](#create-table).
2. [将数据插入到表中](#insert-data-to-table).
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3. [将CatBoost集成到ClickHouse中](#integrate-catboost-into-clickhouse) (可跳过)。
4. [从SQL运行模型推断](#run-model-inference).
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有关训练CatBoost模型的详细信息请参阅 [训练和模型应用](https://catboost.ai/docs/features/training.html#training).
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您可以通过[RELOAD MODEL](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/system/#query_language-system-reload-model)与[RELOAD MODELS](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/sql-reference/statements/system/#query_language-system-reload-models)语句来重载CatBoost模型。
## 先决条件 {#prerequisites}
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请先安装 [Docker](https://docs.docker.com/install/)。
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!!! note "注"
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[Docker](https://www.docker.com) 是一个软件平台用户可以用Docker来创建独立于已有系统并集成了CatBoost和ClickHouse的容器。
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在应用CatBoost模型之前:
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**1.** 从容器仓库拉取示例docker镜像 (https://hub.docker.com/r/yandex/tutorial-catboost-clickhouse) :
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``` bash
$ docker pull yandex/tutorial-catboost-clickhouse
```
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此示例Docker镜像包含运行CatBoost和ClickHouse所需的所有内容代码、运行时、库、环境变量和配置文件。
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**2.** 确保已成功拉取Docker镜像:
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``` bash
$ docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
yandex/tutorial-catboost-clickhouse latest 622e4d17945b 22 hours ago 1.37GB
```
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**3.** 基于此镜像启动一个Docker容器:
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``` bash
$ docker run -it -p 8888:8888 yandex/tutorial-catboost-clickhouse
```
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## 1. 创建数据表 {#create-table}
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为训练样本创建ClickHouse表:
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**1.** 在交互模式下启动ClickHouse控制台客户端:
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``` bash
$ clickhouse client
```
!!! note "注"
ClickHouse服务器已经在Docker容器内运行。
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**2.** 使用以下命令创建表:
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``` sql
:) CREATE TABLE amazon_train
(
date Date MATERIALIZED today(),
ACTION UInt8,
RESOURCE UInt32,
MGR_ID UInt32,
ROLE_ROLLUP_1 UInt32,
ROLE_ROLLUP_2 UInt32,
ROLE_DEPTNAME UInt32,
ROLE_TITLE UInt32,
ROLE_FAMILY_DESC UInt32,
ROLE_FAMILY UInt32,
ROLE_CODE UInt32
)
ENGINE = MergeTree ORDER BY date
```
**3.** 从ClickHouse控制台客户端退出:
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``` sql
:) exit
```
## 2. 将数据插入到表中 {#insert-data-to-table}
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插入数据:
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**1.** 运行以下命令:
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``` bash
$ clickhouse client --host 127.0.0.1 --query 'INSERT INTO amazon_train FORMAT CSVWithNames' < ~/amazon/train.csv
```
**2.** 在交互模式下启动ClickHouse控制台客户端:
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``` bash
$ clickhouse client
```
**3.** 确保数据已上传:
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``` sql
:) SELECT count() FROM amazon_train
SELECT count()
FROM amazon_train
+-count()-+
| 65538 |
+-------+
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```
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## 3. 将CatBoost集成到ClickHouse中 {#integrate-catboost-into-clickhouse}
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!!! note "注"
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**可跳过。** 示例Docker映像已经包含了运行CatBoost和ClickHouse所需的所有内容。
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为了将CatBoost集成进ClickHouse需要进行如下步骤
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**1.** 构建评估库。
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评估CatBoost模型的最快方法是编译 `libcatboostmodel.<so|dll|dylib>` 库文件.
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有关如何构建库文件的详细信息,请参阅 [CatBoost文件](https://catboost.ai/docs/concepts/c-plus-plus-api_dynamic-c-pluplus-wrapper.html).
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**2.** 创建一个新目录(位置与名称可随意指定), 如 `data` 并将创建的库文件放入其中。 示例Docker镜像已经包含了库 `data/libcatboostmodel.so`.
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**3.** 创建一个新目录来放配置模型, 如 `models`.
**4.** 创建一个模型配置文件,如 `models/amazon_model.xml`.
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**5.** 修改模型配置:
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``` xml
<models>
<model>
<!-- Model type. Now catboost only. -->
<type>catboost</type>
<!-- Model name. -->
<name>amazon</name>
<!-- Path to trained model. -->
<path>/home/catboost/tutorial/catboost_model.bin</path>
<!-- Update interval. -->
<lifetime>0</lifetime>
</model>
</models>
```
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**6.** 将CatBoost库文件的路径和模型配置添加到ClickHouse配置:
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``` xml
<!-- File etc/clickhouse-server/config.d/models_config.xml. -->
<catboost_dynamic_library_path>/home/catboost/data/libcatboostmodel.so</catboost_dynamic_library_path>
<models_config>/home/catboost/models/*_model.xml</models_config>
```
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## 4. 使用SQL调用预测模型 {#run-model-inference}
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为了测试模型是否正常可以使用ClickHouse客户端 `$ clickhouse client`.
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让我们确保模型能正常工作:
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``` sql
:) SELECT
modelEvaluate('amazon',
RESOURCE,
MGR_ID,
ROLE_ROLLUP_1,
ROLE_ROLLUP_2,
ROLE_DEPTNAME,
ROLE_TITLE,
ROLE_FAMILY_DESC,
ROLE_FAMILY,
ROLE_CODE) > 0 AS prediction,
ACTION AS target
FROM amazon_train
LIMIT 10
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```
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!!! note "注"
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函数 [modelEvaluate](../sql-reference/functions/other-functions.md#function-modelevaluate) 会对多类别模型返回一个元组,其中包含每一类别的原始预测值。
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执行预测:
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``` sql
:) SELECT
modelEvaluate('amazon',
RESOURCE,
MGR_ID,
ROLE_ROLLUP_1,
ROLE_ROLLUP_2,
ROLE_DEPTNAME,
ROLE_TITLE,
ROLE_FAMILY_DESC,
ROLE_FAMILY,
ROLE_CODE) AS prediction,
1. / (1 + exp(-prediction)) AS probability,
ACTION AS target
FROM amazon_train
LIMIT 10
```
!!! note "注"
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查看函数说明 [exp()](../sql-reference/functions/math-functions.md) 。
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让我们计算样本的LogLoss:
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``` sql
:) SELECT -avg(tg * log(prob) + (1 - tg) * log(1 - prob)) AS logloss
FROM
(
SELECT
modelEvaluate('amazon',
RESOURCE,
MGR_ID,
ROLE_ROLLUP_1,
ROLE_ROLLUP_2,
ROLE_DEPTNAME,
ROLE_TITLE,
ROLE_FAMILY_DESC,
ROLE_FAMILY,
ROLE_CODE) AS prediction,
1. / (1. + exp(-prediction)) AS prob,
ACTION AS tg
FROM amazon_train
)
```
!!! note "注"
查看函数说明 [avg()](../sql-reference/aggregate-functions/reference/avg.md#agg_function-avg) 和 [log()](../sql-reference/functions/math-functions.md) 。
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[原始文章](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/guides/apply_catboost_model/) <!--hide-->