ClickHouse/docs/ja/getting-started/example-datasets/nyc-taxi.md

---
toc_priority: 16
toc_title: "ニューヨークタクシー"
---

# ニューヨークタクシー {#new-york-taxi-data}

このデータセットは二つの方法で取得できます:

-   生データからインポート
-   パーティション済みデータのダウンロード

## 生データのインポート方法 {#how-to-import-the-raw-data}

データセットの説明とダウンロード方法については、https://github.com/toddwschneider/nyc-taxi-data と http://tech.marksblogg.com/billion-nyc-taxi-rides-redshift.html を参照してください。

ダウンロードすると、CSVファイルで約227GBの非圧縮データが生成されます。ダウンロードは約1Gbitの回線で1時間以上かかります。(s3.amazonaws.com からの並列ダウンロードは1Gbitチャネルの少なくとも半分を回復します)。

一部のファイルは完全にダウンロードできない場合があります。ファイルサイズを確認し、疑わしいと思われるものは再ダウンロードしてください。

ファイルの中には、無効な行が含まれている場合があり、以下のように修正することができます。

``` bash
sed -E '/(.*,){18,}/d' data/yellow_tripdata_2010-02.csv > data/yellow_tripdata_2010-02.csv_
sed -E '/(.*,){18,}/d' data/yellow_tripdata_2010-03.csv > data/yellow_tripdata_2010-03.csv_
mv data/yellow_tripdata_2010-02.csv_ data/yellow_tripdata_2010-02.csv
mv data/yellow_tripdata_2010-03.csv_ data/yellow_tripdata_2010-03.csv
```

その後、PostgreSQLでデータを前処理する必要があります。これにより、(地図上の点とニューヨーク市の行政区を一致させるために) ポリゴン内の点の選択を作成し、JOINを使用してすべてのデータを単一の非正規化されたフラットテーブルに結合します。これを行うには、PostGISをサポートしたPostgreSQLをインストールする必要があります。

`inititialize_database.sh` を実行する際には注意が必要で、すべてのテーブルが正しく作成されていることを手動で再確認してください。

1ヶ月分のデータをPostgreSQLで処理するのに約20～30分、合計で約48時間かかります。

ダウンロードした行数は以下のように確認できます:

``` bash
$ time psql nyc-taxi-data -c "SELECT count(*) FROM trips;"
## Count
 1298979494
(1 row)

real    7m9.164s
```

(これはMark Litwintschik氏が一連のブログ記事で報告した11億行をわずかに上回っています)


PostgreSQLのデータは370GBの容量を使用します。

PostgreSQLからデータをエクスポート:

``` sql
COPY
(
    SELECT trips.id,
           trips.vendor_id,
           trips.pickup_datetime,
           trips.dropoff_datetime,
           trips.store_and_fwd_flag,
           trips.rate_code_id,
           trips.pickup_longitude,
           trips.pickup_latitude,
           trips.dropoff_longitude,
           trips.dropoff_latitude,
           trips.passenger_count,
           trips.trip_distance,
           trips.fare_amount,
           trips.extra,
           trips.mta_tax,
           trips.tip_amount,
           trips.tolls_amount,
           trips.ehail_fee,
           trips.improvement_surcharge,
           trips.total_amount,
           trips.payment_type,
           trips.trip_type,
           trips.pickup,
           trips.dropoff,

           cab_types.type cab_type,

           weather.precipitation_tenths_of_mm rain,
           weather.snow_depth_mm,
           weather.snowfall_mm,
           weather.max_temperature_tenths_degrees_celsius max_temp,
           weather.min_temperature_tenths_degrees_celsius min_temp,
           weather.average_wind_speed_tenths_of_meters_per_second wind,

           pick_up.gid pickup_nyct2010_gid,
           pick_up.ctlabel pickup_ctlabel,
           pick_up.borocode pickup_borocode,
           pick_up.boroname pickup_boroname,
           pick_up.ct2010 pickup_ct2010,
           pick_up.boroct2010 pickup_boroct2010,
           pick_up.cdeligibil pickup_cdeligibil,
           pick_up.ntacode pickup_ntacode,
           pick_up.ntaname pickup_ntaname,
           pick_up.puma pickup_puma,

           drop_off.gid dropoff_nyct2010_gid,
           drop_off.ctlabel dropoff_ctlabel,
           drop_off.borocode dropoff_borocode,
           drop_off.boroname dropoff_boroname,
           drop_off.ct2010 dropoff_ct2010,
           drop_off.boroct2010 dropoff_boroct2010,
           drop_off.cdeligibil dropoff_cdeligibil,
           drop_off.ntacode dropoff_ntacode,
           drop_off.ntaname dropoff_ntaname,
           drop_off.puma dropoff_puma
    FROM trips
    LEFT JOIN cab_types
        ON trips.cab_type_id = cab_types.id
    LEFT JOIN central_park_weather_observations_raw weather
        ON weather.date = trips.pickup_datetime::date
    LEFT JOIN nyct2010 pick_up
        ON pick_up.gid = trips.pickup_nyct2010_gid
    LEFT JOIN nyct2010 drop_off
        ON drop_off.gid = trips.dropoff_nyct2010_gid
) TO '/opt/milovidov/nyc-taxi-data/trips.tsv';
```

データのスナップショットは、毎秒約50MBの速度で作成されます。スナップショットを作成している間、PostgreSQLは毎秒約28MBの速度でディスクから読み込みます。
これには約5時間かかります。結果として得られるTSVファイルは 590612904969 バイトです。

ClickHouseで一時テーブルを作成します:

``` sql
CREATE TABLE trips
(
trip_id                 UInt32,
vendor_id               String,
pickup_datetime         DateTime,
dropoff_datetime        Nullable(DateTime),
store_and_fwd_flag      Nullable(FixedString(1)),
rate_code_id            Nullable(UInt8),
pickup_longitude        Nullable(Float64),
pickup_latitude         Nullable(Float64),
dropoff_longitude       Nullable(Float64),
dropoff_latitude        Nullable(Float64),
passenger_count         Nullable(UInt8),
trip_distance           Nullable(Float64),
fare_amount             Nullable(Float32),
extra                   Nullable(Float32),
mta_tax                 Nullable(Float32),
tip_amount              Nullable(Float32),
tolls_amount            Nullable(Float32),
ehail_fee               Nullable(Float32),
improvement_surcharge   Nullable(Float32),
total_amount            Nullable(Float32),
payment_type            Nullable(String),
trip_type               Nullable(UInt8),
pickup                  Nullable(String),
dropoff                 Nullable(String),
cab_type                Nullable(String),
precipitation           Nullable(UInt8),
snow_depth              Nullable(UInt8),
snowfall                Nullable(UInt8),
max_temperature         Nullable(UInt8),
min_temperature         Nullable(UInt8),
average_wind_speed      Nullable(UInt8),
pickup_nyct2010_gid     Nullable(UInt8),
pickup_ctlabel          Nullable(String),
pickup_borocode         Nullable(UInt8),
pickup_boroname         Nullable(String),
pickup_ct2010           Nullable(String),
pickup_boroct2010       Nullable(String),
pickup_cdeligibil       Nullable(FixedString(1)),
pickup_ntacode          Nullable(String),
pickup_ntaname          Nullable(String),
pickup_puma             Nullable(String),
dropoff_nyct2010_gid    Nullable(UInt8),
dropoff_ctlabel         Nullable(String),
dropoff_borocode        Nullable(UInt8),
dropoff_boroname        Nullable(String),
dropoff_ct2010          Nullable(String),
dropoff_boroct2010      Nullable(String),
dropoff_cdeligibil      Nullable(String),
dropoff_ntacode         Nullable(String),
dropoff_ntaname         Nullable(String),
dropoff_puma            Nullable(String)
) ENGINE = Log;
```

これは、フィールドをより正しいデータ型に変換したり、可能であればNULLを排除したりするために必要です。

``` bash
$ time clickhouse-client --query="INSERT INTO trips FORMAT TabSeparated" < trips.tsv

real    75m56.214s
```

データの読み込み速度は 112～140Mb/秒です。
1ストリームで、Log型のテーブルにデータをロードするのに76分かかりました。
このテーブルのデータは 142GB を使用します。

(Postgresから直接データをインポートするには、`COPY ... TO PROGRAM`)を使用しても可能です。

残念ながら、天気に関連するフィールド(降水量...平均風速)はすべてNULLで埋め尽くされていました。このため、最終的なデータセットから削除します。

まず、一つのサーバにテーブルを作成します。そのあとで、テーブルを分散させます。

サマリーテーブルを作成します:

``` sql
CREATE TABLE trips_mergetree
ENGINE = MergeTree(pickup_date, pickup_datetime, 8192)
AS SELECT

trip_id,
CAST(vendor_id AS Enum8('1' = 1, '2' = 2, 'CMT' = 3, 'VTS' = 4, 'DDS' = 5, 'B02512' = 10, 'B02598' = 11, 'B02617' = 12, 'B02682' = 13, 'B02764' = 14)) AS vendor_id,
toDate(pickup_datetime) AS pickup_date,
ifNull(pickup_datetime, toDateTime(0)) AS pickup_datetime,
toDate(dropoff_datetime) AS dropoff_date,
ifNull(dropoff_datetime, toDateTime(0)) AS dropoff_datetime,
assumeNotNull(store_and_fwd_flag) IN ('Y', '1', '2') AS store_and_fwd_flag,
assumeNotNull(rate_code_id) AS rate_code_id,
assumeNotNull(pickup_longitude) AS pickup_longitude,
assumeNotNull(pickup_latitude) AS pickup_latitude,
assumeNotNull(dropoff_longitude) AS dropoff_longitude,
assumeNotNull(dropoff_latitude) AS dropoff_latitude,
assumeNotNull(passenger_count) AS passenger_count,
assumeNotNull(trip_distance) AS trip_distance,
assumeNotNull(fare_amount) AS fare_amount,
assumeNotNull(extra) AS extra,
assumeNotNull(mta_tax) AS mta_tax,
assumeNotNull(tip_amount) AS tip_amount,
assumeNotNull(tolls_amount) AS tolls_amount,
assumeNotNull(ehail_fee) AS ehail_fee,
assumeNotNull(improvement_surcharge) AS improvement_surcharge,
assumeNotNull(total_amount) AS total_amount,
CAST((assumeNotNull(payment_type) AS pt) IN ('CSH', 'CASH', 'Cash', 'CAS', 'Cas', '1') ? 'CSH' : (pt IN ('CRD', 'Credit', 'Cre', 'CRE', 'CREDIT', '2') ? 'CRE' : (pt IN ('NOC', 'No Charge', 'No', '3') ? 'NOC' : (pt IN ('DIS', 'Dispute', 'Dis', '4') ? 'DIS' : 'UNK'))) AS Enum8('CSH' = 1, 'CRE' = 2, 'UNK' = 0, 'NOC' = 3, 'DIS' = 4)) AS payment_type_,
assumeNotNull(trip_type) AS trip_type,
ifNull(toFixedString(unhex(pickup), 25), toFixedString('', 25)) AS pickup,
ifNull(toFixedString(unhex(dropoff), 25), toFixedString('', 25)) AS dropoff,
CAST(assumeNotNull(cab_type) AS Enum8('yellow' = 1, 'green' = 2, 'uber' = 3)) AS cab_type,

assumeNotNull(pickup_nyct2010_gid) AS pickup_nyct2010_gid,
toFloat32(ifNull(pickup_ctlabel, '0')) AS pickup_ctlabel,
assumeNotNull(pickup_borocode) AS pickup_borocode,
CAST(assumeNotNull(pickup_boroname) AS Enum8('Manhattan' = 1, 'Queens' = 4, 'Brooklyn' = 3, '' = 0, 'Bronx' = 2, 'Staten Island' = 5)) AS pickup_boroname,
toFixedString(ifNull(pickup_ct2010, '000000'), 6) AS pickup_ct2010,
toFixedString(ifNull(pickup_boroct2010, '0000000'), 7) AS pickup_boroct2010,
CAST(assumeNotNull(ifNull(pickup_cdeligibil, ' ')) AS Enum8(' ' = 0, 'E' = 1, 'I' = 2)) AS pickup_cdeligibil,
toFixedString(ifNull(pickup_ntacode, '0000'), 4) AS pickup_ntacode,

CAST(assumeNotNull(pickup_ntaname) AS Enum16('' = 0, 'Airport' = 1, 'Allerton-Pelham Gardens' = 2, 'Annadale-Huguenot-Prince\'s Bay-Eltingville' = 3, 'Arden Heights' = 4, 'Astoria' = 5, 'Auburndale' = 6, 'Baisley Park' = 7, 'Bath Beach' = 8, 'Battery Park City-Lower Manhattan' = 9, 'Bay Ridge' = 10, 'Bayside-Bayside Hills' = 11, 'Bedford' = 12, 'Bedford Park-Fordham North' = 13, 'Bellerose' = 14, 'Belmont' = 15, 'Bensonhurst East' = 16, 'Bensonhurst West' = 17, 'Borough Park' = 18, 'Breezy Point-Belle Harbor-Rockaway Park-Broad Channel' = 19, 'Briarwood-Jamaica Hills' = 20, 'Brighton Beach' = 21, 'Bronxdale' = 22, 'Brooklyn Heights-Cobble Hill' = 23, 'Brownsville' = 24, 'Bushwick North' = 25, 'Bushwick South' = 26, 'Cambria Heights' = 27, 'Canarsie' = 28, 'Carroll Gardens-Columbia Street-Red Hook' = 29, 'Central Harlem North-Polo Grounds' = 30, 'Central Harlem South' = 31, 'Charleston-Richmond Valley-Tottenville' = 32, 'Chinatown' = 33, 'Claremont-Bathgate' = 34, 'Clinton' = 35, 'Clinton Hill' = 36, 'Co-op City' = 37, 'College Point' = 38, 'Corona' = 39, 'Crotona Park East' = 40, 'Crown Heights North' = 41, 'Crown Heights South' = 42, 'Cypress Hills-City Line' = 43, 'DUMBO-Vinegar Hill-Downtown Brooklyn-Boerum Hill' = 44, 'Douglas Manor-Douglaston-Little Neck' = 45, 'Dyker Heights' = 46, 'East Concourse-Concourse Village' = 47, 'East Elmhurst' = 48, 'East Flatbush-Farragut' = 49, 'East Flushing' = 50, 'East Harlem North' = 51, 'East Harlem South' = 52, 'East New York' = 53, 'East New York (Pennsylvania Ave)' = 54, 'East Tremont' = 55, 'East Village' = 56, 'East Williamsburg' = 57, 'Eastchester-Edenwald-Baychester' = 58, 'Elmhurst' = 59, 'Elmhurst-Maspeth' = 60, 'Erasmus' = 61, 'Far Rockaway-Bayswater' = 62, 'Flatbush' = 63, 'Flatlands' = 64, 'Flushing' = 65, 'Fordham South' = 66, 'Forest Hills' = 67, 'Fort Greene' = 68, 'Fresh Meadows-Utopia' = 69, 'Ft. Totten-Bay Terrace-Clearview' = 70, 'Georgetown-Marine Park-Bergen Beach-Mill Basin' = 71, 'Glen Oaks-Floral Park-New Hyde Park' = 72, 'Glendale' = 73, 'Gramercy' = 74, 'Grasmere-Arrochar-Ft. Wadsworth' = 75, 'Gravesend' = 76, 'Great Kills' = 77, 'Greenpoint' = 78, 'Grymes Hill-Clifton-Fox Hills' = 79, 'Hamilton Heights' = 80, 'Hammels-Arverne-Edgemere' = 81, 'Highbridge' = 82, 'Hollis' = 83, 'Homecrest' = 84, 'Hudson Yards-Chelsea-Flatiron-Union Square' = 85, 'Hunters Point-Sunnyside-West Maspeth' = 86, 'Hunts Point' = 87, 'Jackson Heights' = 88, 'Jamaica' = 89, 'Jamaica Estates-Holliswood' = 90, 'Kensington-Ocean Parkway' = 91, 'Kew Gardens' = 92, 'Kew Gardens Hills' = 93, 'Kingsbridge Heights' = 94, 'Laurelton' = 95, 'Lenox Hill-Roosevelt Island' = 96, 'Lincoln Square' = 97, 'Lindenwood-Howard Beach' = 98, 'Longwood' = 99, 'Lower East Side' = 100, 'Madison' = 101, 'Manhattanville' = 102, 'Marble Hill-Inwood' = 103, 'Mariner\'s Harbor-Arlington-Port Ivory-Graniteville' = 104, 'Maspeth' = 105, 'Melrose South-Mott Haven North' = 106, 'Middle Village' = 107, 'Midtown-Midtown South' = 108, 'Midwood' = 109, 'Morningside Heights' = 110, 'Morrisania-Melrose' = 111, 'Mott Haven-Port Morris' = 112, 'Mount Hope' = 113, 'Murray Hill' = 114, 'Murray Hill-Kips Bay' = 115, 'New Brighton-Silver Lake' = 116, 'New Dorp-Midland Beach' = 117, 'New Springville-Bloomfield-Travis' = 118, 'North Corona' = 119, 'North Riverdale-Fieldston-Riverdale' = 120, 'North Side-South Side' = 121, 'Norwood' = 122, 'Oakland Gardens' = 123, 'Oakwood-Oakwood Beach' = 124, 'Ocean Hill' = 125, 'Ocean Parkway South' = 126, 'Old Astoria' = 127, 'Old Town-Dongan Hills-South Beach' = 128, 'Ozone Park' = 129, 'Park Slope-Gowanus' = 130, 'Parkchester' = 131, 'Pelham Bay-Country Club-City Island' = 132, 'Pelham Parkway' = 133, 'Pomonok-Flushing Heights-Hillcrest' = 134, 'Port Richmond' = 135, 'Prospect Heights' = 136, 'Prospect Lefferts Gardens-Wingate' = 137, 'Queens Village' = 138, 'Queensboro Hill' = 139, 'Queensbridge-Ravenswood-Long Island City' = 140, 'Rego Park' = 141, 'Richmond Hill' = 142, 'Ridgewood' = 143, 'Rikers Island' = 144, 'Rosedale' = 145, 'Rossville-Woodrow' = 146, 'Rugby-Remsen Village' = 147, 'S

toUInt16(ifNull(pickup_puma, '0')) AS pickup_puma,

assumeNotNull(dropoff_nyct2010_gid) AS dropoff_nyct2010_gid,
toFloat32(ifNull(dropoff_ctlabel, '0')) AS dropoff_ctlabel,
assumeNotNull(dropoff_borocode) AS dropoff_borocode,
CAST(assumeNotNull(dropoff_boroname) AS Enum8('Manhattan' = 1, 'Queens' = 4, 'Brooklyn' = 3, '' = 0, 'Bronx' = 2, 'Staten Island' = 5)) AS dropoff_boroname,
toFixedString(ifNull(dropoff_ct2010, '000000'), 6) AS dropoff_ct2010,
toFixedString(ifNull(dropoff_boroct2010, '0000000'), 7) AS dropoff_boroct2010,
CAST(assumeNotNull(ifNull(dropoff_cdeligibil, ' ')) AS Enum8(' ' = 0, 'E' = 1, 'I' = 2)) AS dropoff_cdeligibil,
toFixedString(ifNull(dropoff_ntacode, '0000'), 4) AS dropoff_ntacode,

CAST(assumeNotNull(dropoff_ntaname) AS Enum16('' = 0, 'Airport' = 1, 'Allerton-Pelham Gardens' = 2, 'Annadale-Huguenot-Prince\'s Bay-Eltingville' = 3, 'Arden Heights' = 4, 'Astoria' = 5, 'Auburndale' = 6, 'Baisley Park' = 7, 'Bath Beach' = 8, 'Battery Park City-Lower Manhattan' = 9, 'Bay Ridge' = 10, 'Bayside-Bayside Hills' = 11, 'Bedford' = 12, 'Bedford Park-Fordham North' = 13, 'Bellerose' = 14, 'Belmont' = 15, 'Bensonhurst East' = 16, 'Bensonhurst West' = 17, 'Borough Park' = 18, 'Breezy Point-Belle Harbor-Rockaway Park-Broad Channel' = 19, 'Briarwood-Jamaica Hills' = 20, 'Brighton Beach' = 21, 'Bronxdale' = 22, 'Brooklyn Heights-Cobble Hill' = 23, 'Brownsville' = 24, 'Bushwick North' = 25, 'Bushwick South' = 26, 'Cambria Heights' = 27, 'Canarsie' = 28, 'Carroll Gardens-Columbia Street-Red Hook' = 29, 'Central Harlem North-Polo Grounds' = 30, 'Central Harlem South' = 31, 'Charleston-Richmond Valley-Tottenville' = 32, 'Chinatown' = 33, 'Claremont-Bathgate' = 34, 'Clinton' = 35, 'Clinton Hill' = 36, 'Co-op City' = 37, 'College Point' = 38, 'Corona' = 39, 'Crotona Park East' = 40, 'Crown Heights North' = 41, 'Crown Heights South' = 42, 'Cypress Hills-City Line' = 43, 'DUMBO-Vinegar Hill-Downtown Brooklyn-Boerum Hill' = 44, 'Douglas Manor-Douglaston-Little Neck' = 45, 'Dyker Heights' = 46, 'East Concourse-Concourse Village' = 47, 'East Elmhurst' = 48, 'East Flatbush-Farragut' = 49, 'East Flushing' = 50, 'East Harlem North' = 51, 'East Harlem South' = 52, 'East New York' = 53, 'East New York (Pennsylvania Ave)' = 54, 'East Tremont' = 55, 'East Village' = 56, 'East Williamsburg' = 57, 'Eastchester-Edenwald-Baychester' = 58, 'Elmhurst' = 59, 'Elmhurst-Maspeth' = 60, 'Erasmus' = 61, 'Far Rockaway-Bayswater' = 62, 'Flatbush' = 63, 'Flatlands' = 64, 'Flushing' = 65, 'Fordham South' = 66, 'Forest Hills' = 67, 'Fort Greene' = 68, 'Fresh Meadows-Utopia' = 69, 'Ft. Totten-Bay Terrace-Clearview' = 70, 'Georgetown-Marine Park-Bergen Beach-Mill Basin' = 71, 'Glen Oaks-Floral Park-New Hyde Park' = 72, 'Glendale' = 73, 'Gramercy' = 74, 'Grasmere-Arrochar-Ft. Wadsworth' = 75, 'Gravesend' = 76, 'Great Kills' = 77, 'Greenpoint' = 78, 'Grymes Hill-Clifton-Fox Hills' = 79, 'Hamilton Heights' = 80, 'Hammels-Arverne-Edgemere' = 81, 'Highbridge' = 82, 'Hollis' = 83, 'Homecrest' = 84, 'Hudson Yards-Chelsea-Flatiron-Union Square' = 85, 'Hunters Point-Sunnyside-West Maspeth' = 86, 'Hunts Point' = 87, 'Jackson Heights' = 88, 'Jamaica' = 89, 'Jamaica Estates-Holliswood' = 90, 'Kensington-Ocean Parkway' = 91, 'Kew Gardens' = 92, 'Kew Gardens Hills' = 93, 'Kingsbridge Heights' = 94, 'Laurelton' = 95, 'Lenox Hill-Roosevelt Island' = 96, 'Lincoln Square' = 97, 'Lindenwood-Howard Beach' = 98, 'Longwood' = 99, 'Lower East Side' = 100, 'Madison' = 101, 'Manhattanville' = 102, 'Marble Hill-Inwood' = 103, 'Mariner\'s Harbor-Arlington-Port Ivory-Graniteville' = 104, 'Maspeth' = 105, 'Melrose South-Mott Haven North' = 106, 'Middle Village' = 107, 'Midtown-Midtown South' = 108, 'Midwood' = 109, 'Morningside Heights' = 110, 'Morrisania-Melrose' = 111, 'Mott Haven-Port Morris' = 112, 'Mount Hope' = 113, 'Murray Hill' = 114, 'Murray Hill-Kips Bay' = 115, 'New Brighton-Silver Lake' = 116, 'New Dorp-Midland Beach' = 117, 'New Springville-Bloomfield-Travis' = 118, 'North Corona' = 119, 'North Riverdale-Fieldston-Riverdale' = 120, 'North Side-South Side' = 121, 'Norwood' = 122, 'Oakland Gardens' = 123, 'Oakwood-Oakwood Beach' = 124, 'Ocean Hill' = 125, 'Ocean Parkway South' = 126, 'Old Astoria' = 127, 'Old Town-Dongan Hills-South Beach' = 128, 'Ozone Park' = 129, 'Park Slope-Gowanus' = 130, 'Parkchester' = 131, 'Pelham Bay-Country Club-City Island' = 132, 'Pelham Parkway' = 133, 'Pomonok-Flushing Heights-Hillcrest' = 134, 'Port Richmond' = 135, 'Prospect Heights' = 136, 'Prospect Lefferts Gardens-Wingate' = 137, 'Queens Village' = 138, 'Queensboro Hill' = 139, 'Queensbridge-Ravenswood-Long Island City' = 140, 'Rego Park' = 141, 'Richmond Hill' = 142, 'Ridgewood' = 143, 'Rikers Island' = 144, 'Rosedale' = 145, 'Rossville-Woodrow' = 146, 'Rugby-Remsen Village' = 147, '

toUInt16(ifNull(dropoff_puma, '0')) AS dropoff_puma

FROM trips
```

これは1秒間に約428,000行の速度で3030秒かかります。
より速くロードするには、`MergeTree`の代わりに`Log`エンジンでテーブルを作成します。この場合、ダウンロードは200秒よりも速く動作します。

テーブルは126GBのディスク領域を使用します。


``` sql
SELECT formatReadableSize(sum(bytes)) FROM system.parts WHERE table = 'trips_mergetree' AND active
```

``` text
┌─formatReadableSize(sum(bytes))─┐
│ 126.18 GiB                     │
└────────────────────────────────┘
```

その他に、MergeTree で OPTIMIZE クエリを実行することができます。しかし、これがなくてもうまく動作するので、必須ではありません。

## パーティションされたデータのダウンロード {#download-of-prepared-partitions}

``` bash
$ curl -O https://clickhouse-datasets.s3.yandex.net/trips_mergetree/partitions/trips_mergetree.tar
$ tar xvf trips_mergetree.tar -C /var/lib/clickhouse # path to ClickHouse data directory
$ # check permissions of unpacked data, fix if required
$ sudo service clickhouse-server restart
$ clickhouse-client --query "select count(*) from datasets.trips_mergetree"
```

!!! info "情報"
    以下で説明するクエリを実行する場合は、`datasets.trips_mergetree` のように完全なテーブル名を使用する必要があります。

## 単一サーバーでの結果 {#results-on-single-server}

Q1:

``` sql
SELECT cab_type, count(*) FROM trips_mergetree GROUP BY cab_type
```

0.490秒

Q2:

``` sql
SELECT passenger_count, avg(total_amount) FROM trips_mergetree GROUP BY passenger_count
```

1.224秒

Q3:

``` sql
SELECT passenger_count, toYear(pickup_date) AS year, count(*) FROM trips_mergetree GROUP BY passenger_count, year
```

2.104秒

Q4:

``` sql
SELECT passenger_count, toYear(pickup_date) AS year, round(trip_distance) AS distance, count(*)
FROM trips_mergetree
GROUP BY passenger_count, year, distance
ORDER BY year, count(*) DESC
```

3.593秒

使用したサーバは以下の通りです。

Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2650 v2 @ 2.60GHz が2つ、合計16個の物理カーネル、128GiB RAM、RAID-5 の 8 x 6 TB HDD。

実行時間は、3回実行した中で最もよい結果です。しかし、2回目の実行からは、クエリはファイルシステムのキャッシュからデータを読み込みます。それ以上のキャッシュは発生しません：データは読み出され、各実行で処理されます。

3台のサーバーにテーブルを作成する:

各サーバー上で:

``` sql
CREATE TABLE default.trips_mergetree_third ( trip_id UInt32,  vendor_id Enum8('1' = 1, '2' = 2, 'CMT' = 3, 'VTS' = 4, 'DDS' = 5, 'B02512' = 10, 'B02598' = 11, 'B02617' = 12, 'B02682' = 13, 'B02764' = 14),  pickup_date Date,  pickup_datetime DateTime,  dropoff_date Date,  dropoff_datetime DateTime,  store_and_fwd_flag UInt8,  rate_code_id UInt8,  pickup_longitude Float64,  pickup_latitude Float64,  dropoff_longitude Float64,  dropoff_latitude Float64,  passenger_count UInt8,  trip_distance Float64,  fare_amount Float32,  extra Float32,  mta_tax Float32,  tip_amount Float32,  tolls_amount Float32,  ehail_fee Float32,  improvement_surcharge Float32,  total_amount Float32,  payment_type_ Enum8('UNK' = 0, 'CSH' = 1, 'CRE' = 2, 'NOC' = 3, 'DIS' = 4),  trip_type UInt8,  pickup FixedString(25),  dropoff FixedString(25),  cab_type Enum8('yellow' = 1, 'green' = 2, 'uber' = 3),  pickup_nyct2010_gid UInt8,  pickup_ctlabel Float32,  pickup_borocode UInt8,  pickup_boroname Enum8('' = 0, 'Manhattan' = 1, 'Bronx' = 2, 'Brooklyn' = 3, 'Queens' = 4, 'Staten Island' = 5),  pickup_ct2010 FixedString(6),  pickup_boroct2010 FixedString(7),  pickup_cdeligibil Enum8(' ' = 0, 'E' = 1, 'I' = 2),  pickup_ntacode FixedString(4),  pickup_ntaname Enum16('' = 0, 'Airport' = 1, 'Allerton-Pelham Gardens' = 2, 'Annadale-Huguenot-Prince\'s Bay-Eltingville' = 3, 'Arden Heights' = 4, 'Astoria' = 5, 'Auburndale' = 6, 'Baisley Park' = 7, 'Bath Beach' = 8, 'Battery Park City-Lower Manhattan' = 9, 'Bay Ridge' = 10, 'Bayside-Bayside Hills' = 11, 'Bedford' = 12, 'Bedford Park-Fordham North' = 13, 'Bellerose' = 14, 'Belmont' = 15, 'Bensonhurst East' = 16, 'Bensonhurst West' = 17, 'Borough Park' = 18, 'Breezy Point-Belle Harbor-Rockaway Park-Broad Channel' = 19, 'Briarwood-Jamaica Hills' = 20, 'Brighton Beach' = 21, 'Bronxdale' = 22, 'Brooklyn Heights-Cobble Hill' = 23, 'Brownsville' = 24, 'Bushwick North' = 25, 'Bushwick South' = 26, 'Cambria Heights' = 27, 'Canarsie' = 28, 'Carroll Gardens-Columbia Street-Red Hook' = 29, 'Central Harlem North-Polo Grounds' = 30, 'Central Harlem South' = 31, 'Charleston-Richmond Valley-Tottenville' = 32, 'Chinatown' = 33, 'Claremont-Bathgate' = 34, 'Clinton' = 35, 'Clinton Hill' = 36, 'Co-op City' = 37, 'College Point' = 38, 'Corona' = 39, 'Crotona Park East' = 40, 'Crown Heights North' = 41, 'Crown Heights South' = 42, 'Cypress Hills-City Line' = 43, 'DUMBO-Vinegar Hill-Downtown Brooklyn-Boerum Hill' = 44, 'Douglas Manor-Douglaston-Little Neck' = 45, 'Dyker Heights' = 46, 'East Concourse-Concourse Village' = 47, 'East Elmhurst' = 48, 'East Flatbush-Farragut' = 49, 'East Flushing' = 50, 'East Harlem North' = 51, 'East Harlem South' = 52, 'East New York' = 53, 'East New York (Pennsylvania Ave)' = 54, 'East Tremont' = 55, 'East Village' = 56, 'East Williamsburg' = 57, 'Eastchester-Edenwald-Baychester' = 58, 'Elmhurst' = 59, 'Elmhurst-Maspeth' = 60, 'Erasmus' = 61, 'Far Rockaway-Bayswater' = 62, 'Flatbush' = 63, 'Flatlands' = 64, 'Flushing' = 65, 'Fordham South' = 66, 'Forest Hills' = 67, 'Fort Greene' = 68, 'Fresh Meadows-Utopia' = 69, 'Ft. Totten-Bay Terrace-Clearview' = 70, 'Georgetown-Marine Park-Bergen Beach-Mill Basin' = 71, 'Glen Oaks-Floral Park-New Hyde Park' = 72, 'Glendale' = 73, 'Gramercy' = 74, 'Grasmere-Arrochar-Ft. Wadsworth' = 75, 'Gravesend' = 76, 'Great Kills' = 77, 'Greenpoint' = 78, 'Grymes Hill-Clifton-Fox Hills' = 79, 'Hamilton Heights' = 80, 'Hammels-Arverne-Edgemere' = 81, 'Highbridge' = 82, 'Hollis' = 83, 'Homecrest' = 84, 'Hudson Yards-Chelsea-Flatiron-Union Square' = 85, 'Hunters Point-Sunnyside-West Maspeth' = 86, 'Hunts Point' = 87, 'Jackson Heights' = 88, 'Jamaica' = 89, 'Jamaica Estates-Holliswood' = 90, 'Kensington-Ocean Parkway' = 91, 'Kew Gardens' = 92, 'Kew Gardens Hills' = 93, 'Kingsbridge Heights' = 94, 'Laurelton' = 95, 'Lenox Hill-Roosevelt Island' = 96, 'Lincoln Square' = 97, 'Lindenwood-Howard Beach' = 98, 'Longwood' = 99, 'Lower East Side' = 100, 'Madison' = 101, 'Manhattanville' = 102, 'Marble Hill-Inwood' = 103, 'Mariner\'s Harbor-Arlington-Port Ivory-Graniteville' = 104, 'Maspeth' = 105, 
```

移行元サーバー上:

``` sql
CREATE TABLE trips_mergetree_x3 AS trips_mergetree_third ENGINE = Distributed(perftest, default, trips_mergetree_third, rand())
```

次のクエリで、データを再配布します:

``` sql
INSERT INTO trips_mergetree_x3 SELECT * FROM trips_mergetree
```

これには2454秒かかります。

三つのサーバー上でクエリを実行すると:

Q1:0.212秒
Q2:0.438秒
Q3:0.733秒
Q4:1.241秒

クエリは線形にスケーリングされているので、ここでは予想通りです。

また、140台のサーバーのクラスタからの結果も得られます:

Q1:0.028秒
Q2:0.043秒
Q3:0.051秒
Q4:0.072秒

この場合、クエリの処理時間は、ネットワークのレイテンシによって決定されます。
フィンランドのYandexデータセンターにあるクライアントをロシアのクラスター上に置いてクエリを実行したところ、約20ミリ秒のレイテンシが追加されました。

## サマリ {#summary}

| サーバ | Q1    | Q2    | Q3    | Q4    |
|--------|-------|-------|-------|-------|
| 1      | 0.490 | 1.224 | 2.104 | 3.593 |
| 3      | 0.212 | 0.438 | 0.733 | 1.241 |
| 140    | 0.028 | 0.043 | 0.051 | 0.072 |

[元の記事](https://clickhouse.tech/docs/en/getting_started/example_datasets/nyc_taxi/) <!--hide-->