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473 lines
20 KiB
Markdown
473 lines
20 KiB
Markdown
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---
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toc_priority: 39
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toc_title: 授权操作
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---
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# 授权 {#grant}
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- 给ClickHouse的用户或角色赋予 [权限](#grant-privileges)
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- 将角色分配给用户或其他角色
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取消权限,使用 [REVOKE](../../sql-reference/statements/revoke.md)语句。查看已授权的权限请使用 [SHOW GRANTS](../../sql-reference/statements/show.md#show-grants-statement)。
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## 授权操作语法 {#grant-privigele-syntax}
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``` sql
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GRANT [ON CLUSTER cluster_name] privilege[(column_name [,...])] [,...] ON {db.table|db.*|*.*|table|*} TO {user | role | CURRENT_USER} [,...] [WITH GRANT OPTION]
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```
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- `privilege` — 权限类型
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- `role` — 用户角色
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- `user` — 用户账号
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`WITH GRANT OPTION` 授予 `user` 或 `role`执行 `GRANT` 操作的权限。用户可将在自身权限范围内的权限进行授权
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## 角色分配的语法 {#assign-role-syntax}
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``` sql
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GRANT [ON CLUSTER cluster_name] role [,...] TO {user | another_role | CURRENT_USER} [,...] [WITH ADMIN OPTION]
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```
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- `role` — 角色
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- `user` — 用户
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`WITH ADMIN OPTION` 授予 `user` 或 `role` 执行[ADMIN OPTION](#admin-option-privilege) 的权限
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## 用法 {#grant-usage}
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使用 `GRANT`,你的账号必须有 `GRANT OPTION`的权限。用户只能将在自身权限范围内的权限进行授权
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例如,管理员有权通过下面的语句给 `john`账号添加授权
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``` sql
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GRANT SELECT(x,y) ON db.table TO john WITH GRANT OPTION
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```
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这意味着 `john` 有权限执行以下操作:
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- `SELECT x,y FROM db.table`.
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- `SELECT x FROM db.table`.
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- `SELECT y FROM db.table`.
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`john` 不能执行`SELECT z FROM db.table`。同样的 `SELECT * FROMdb.table` 也是不允许的。执行这个查询时,CH不会返回任何数据,甚至 `x` 和 `y`列。唯一的例外是,当表仅包含 `x`和`y`列时。这种情况下,CH返回所有数据。
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同样 `john` 有权执行 `GRANT OPTION`,因此他能给其它账号进行和自己账号权限范围相同的授权。
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可以使用`*` 号代替表或库名进行授权操作。例如, `GRANT SELECT ONdb.* TO john` 操作运行 `john`对 `db`库的所有表执行 `SELECT`查询。同样,你可以忽略库名。在这种情形下,权限将指向当前的数据库。例如, `GRANT SELECT ON* to john` 对当前数据库的所有表指定授权, `GARNT SELECT ON mytable to john`对当前数据库的 `mytable`表进行授权。
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访问 `systen`数据库总是被允许的(因为这个数据库用来处理sql操作)
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可以一次给多个账号进行多种授权操作。 `GRANT SELECT,INSERT ON *.* TO john,robin` 允许 `john`和`robin` 账号对任意数据库的任意表执行 `INSERT`和 `SELECT`操作。
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## 权限 {#grant-privileges}
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权限是指执行特定操作的许可
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权限有层级结构。一组允许的操作依赖相应的权限范围。
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权限的层级:
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- [SELECT](#grant-select)
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- [INSERT](#grant-insert)
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- [ALTER](#grant-alter)
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- `ALTER TABLE`
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- `ALTER UPDATE`
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- `ALTER DELETE`
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- `ALTER COLUMN`
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- `ALTER ADD COLUMN`
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- `ALTER DROP COLUMN`
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- `ALTER MODIFY COLUMN`
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- `ALTER COMMENT COLUMN`
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- `ALTER CLEAR COLUMN`
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- `ALTER RENAME COLUMN`
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- `ALTER INDEX`
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- `ALTER ORDER BY`
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- `ALTER ADD INDEX`
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- `ALTER DROP INDEX`
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- `ALTER MATERIALIZE INDEX`
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- `ALTER CLEAR INDEX`
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- `ALTER CONSTRAINT`
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- `ALTER ADD CONSTRAINT`
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- `ALTER DROP CONSTRAINT`
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- `ALTER TTL`
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- `ALTER MATERIALIZE TTL`
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- `ALTER SETTINGS`
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- `ALTER MOVE PARTITION`
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- `ALTER FETCH PARTITION`
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- `ALTER FREEZE PARTITION`
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- `ALTER VIEW`
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- `ALTER VIEW REFRESH`
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- `ALTER VIEW MODIFY QUERY`
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- [CREATE](#grant-create)
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- `CREATE DATABASE`
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- `CREATE TABLE`
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- `CREATE VIEW`
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- `CREATE DICTIONARY`
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- `CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE`
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- [DROP](#grant-drop)
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- `DROP DATABASE`
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- `DROP TABLE`
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- `DROP VIEW`
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- `DROP DICTIONARY`
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- [TRUNCATE](#grant-truncate)
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- [OPTIMIZE](#grant-optimize)
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- [SHOW](#grant-show)
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- `SHOW DATABASES`
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- `SHOW TABLES`
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- `SHOW COLUMNS`
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- `SHOW DICTIONARIES`
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- [KILL QUERY](#grant-kill-query)
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- [ACCESS MANAGEMENT](#grant-access-management)
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- `CREATE USER`
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- `ALTER USER`
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- `DROP USER`
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- `CREATE ROLE`
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- `ALTER ROLE`
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- `DROP ROLE`
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- `CREATE ROW POLICY`
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- `ALTER ROW POLICY`
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- `DROP ROW POLICY`
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- `CREATE QUOTA`
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- `ALTER QUOTA`
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- `DROP QUOTA`
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- `CREATE SETTINGS PROFILE`
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- `ALTER SETTINGS PROFILE`
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- `DROP SETTINGS PROFILE`
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- `SHOW ACCESS`
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- `SHOW_USERS`
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- `SHOW_ROLES`
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- `SHOW_ROW_POLICIES`
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- `SHOW_QUOTAS`
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- `SHOW_SETTINGS_PROFILES`
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- `ROLE ADMIN`
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- [SYSTEM](#grant-system)
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- `SYSTEM SHUTDOWN`
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- `SYSTEM DROP CACHE`
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- `SYSTEM DROP DNS CACHE`
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- `SYSTEM DROP MARK CACHE`
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- `SYSTEM DROP UNCOMPRESSED CACHE`
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- `SYSTEM RELOAD`
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- `SYSTEM RELOAD CONFIG`
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- `SYSTEM RELOAD DICTIONARY`
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- `SYSTEM RELOAD EMBEDDED DICTIONARIES`
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- `SYSTEM MERGES`
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- `SYSTEM TTL MERGES`
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- `SYSTEM FETCHES`
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- `SYSTEM MOVES`
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- `SYSTEM SENDS`
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- `SYSTEM DISTRIBUTED SENDS`
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- `SYSTEM REPLICATED SENDS`
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- `SYSTEM REPLICATION QUEUES`
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- `SYSTEM SYNC REPLICA`
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- `SYSTEM RESTART REPLICA`
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- `SYSTEM FLUSH`
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- `SYSTEM FLUSH DISTRIBUTED`
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- `SYSTEM FLUSH LOGS`
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- [INTROSPECTION](#grant-introspection)
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- `addressToLine`
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- `addressToSymbol`
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- `demangle`
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- [SOURCES](#grant-sources)
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- `FILE`
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- `URL`
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- `REMOTE`
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- `YSQL`
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- `ODBC`
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- `JDBC`
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- `HDFS`
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- `S3`
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- [dictGet](#grant-dictget)
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如何对待该层级的示例:
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- `ALTER` 权限包含所有其它 `ALTER *` 的权限
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- `ALTER CONSTRAINT` 包含 `ALTER ADD CONSTRAINT` 和 `ALTER DROP CONSTRAINT`权限
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权限被应用到不同级别。 Knowing of a level suggests syntax available for privilege.
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级别(由低到高):
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- `COLUMN` - 可以授权到列,表,库或者全局
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- `TABLE` - 可以授权到表,库,或全局
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- `VIEW` - 可以授权到视图,库,或全局
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- `DICTIONARY` - 可以授权到字典,库,或全局
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- `DATABASE` - 可以授权到数据库或全局
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- `GLABLE` - 可以授权到全局
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- `GROUP` - 不同级别的权限分组。当授予 `GROUP`级别的权限时, 根据所用的语法,只有对应分组中的权限才会被分配。
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允许的语法示例:
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- `GRANT SELECT(x) ON db.table TO user`
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- `GRANT SELECT ON db.* TO user`
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不允许的语法示例:
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- `GRANT CREATE USER(x) ON db.table TO user`
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- `GRANT CREATE USER ON db.* TO user`
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特殊的权限 `ALL` 将所有权限授予给用户或角色
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默认情况下,一个用户账号或角色没有可授予的权限
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如果用户或角色没有任何权限,它将显示为 `NONE`权限
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有些操作根据它们的实现需要一系列的权限。例如, [RENAME](../../sql-reference/statements/misc.md#misc_operations-rename)操作需要以下权限来执行:`SELECT`, `CREATE TABLE`, `INSERT` 和 `DROP TABLE`。
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### SELECT {#grant-select}
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允许执行 [SELECT](../../sql-reference/statements/select/index.md) 查询
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权限级别: `COLUMN`.
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**说明**
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有该权限的用户可以对指定的表和库的指定列进行 `SELECT`查询。如果用户查询包含了其它列则结果不返回数据。
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考虑如下的授权语句:
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``` sql
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GRANT SELECT(x,y) ON db.table TO john
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```
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该权限允许 `john` 对 `db.table`表的列`x`,`y`执行任意 `SELECT `查询,例如 `SELECT x FROM db.table`。 `john` 不能执行 `SELECT z FROM db.table`以及 `SELECT * FROM db.table`。执行这个查询时,CH不会返回任何数据,甚至 `x` 和 `y`列。唯一的例外是,当表仅包含 `x`和`y`列时。这种情况下,CH返回所有数据。
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### INSERT {#grant-insert}
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允许执行 [INSERT](../../sql-reference/statements/insert-into.md) 操作.
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权限级别: `COLUMN`.
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**说明**
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有该权限的用户可以对指定的表和库的指定列进行 `INSERT`操作。如果用户查询包含了其它列则结果不返回数据。
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**示例**
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``` sql
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GRANT INSERT(x,y) ON db.table TO john
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```
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该权限允许 `john` 对 `db.table`表的列`x`,`y`执行数据插入操作
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### ALTER {#grant-alter}
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允许根据下列权限层级执行 [ALTER](../../sql-reference/statements/alter.md)操作
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- `ALTER`. 级别: `COLUMN`.
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- `ALTER TABLE`. 级别: `GROUP`
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- `ALTER UPDATE`. 级别: `COLUMN`. 别名: `UPDATE`
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- `ALTER DELETE`. 级别: `COLUMN`. 别名: `DELETE`
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- `ALTER COLUMN`. 级别: `GROUP`
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- `ALTER ADD COLUMN`. 级别: `COLUMN`. 别名: `ADD COLUMN`
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- `ALTER DROP COLUMN`. 级别: `COLUMN`. 别名: `DROP COLUMN`
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- `ALTER MODIFY COLUMN`. 级别: `COLUMN`. 别名: `MODIFY COLUMN`
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- `ALTER COMMENT COLUMN`. 级别: `COLUMN`. 别名: `COMMENT COLUMN`
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- `ALTER CLEAR COLUMN`. 级别: `COLUMN`. 别名: `CLEAR COLUMN`
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- `ALTER RENAME COLUMN`. 级别: `COLUMN`. 别名: `RENAME COLUMN`
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- `ALTER INDEX`. 级别: `GROUP`. 别名: `INDEX`
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- `ALTER ORDER BY`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `ALTER MODIFY ORDER BY`, `MODIFY ORDER BY`
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- `ALTER ADD INDEX`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `ADD INDEX`
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- `ALTER DROP INDEX`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `DROP INDEX`
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- `ALTER MATERIALIZE INDEX`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `MATERIALIZE INDEX`
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- `ALTER CLEAR INDEX`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `CLEAR INDEX`
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- `ALTER CONSTRAINT`. 级别: `GROUP`. 别名: `CONSTRAINT`
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- `ALTER ADD CONSTRAINT`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `ADD CONSTRAINT`
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- `ALTER DROP CONSTRAINT`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `DROP CONSTRAINT`
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- `ALTER TTL`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `ALTER MODIFY TTL`, `MODIFY TTL`
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- `ALTER MATERIALIZE TTL`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `MATERIALIZE TTL`
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- `ALTER SETTINGS`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `ALTER SETTING`, `ALTER MODIFY SETTING`, `MODIFY SETTING`
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- `ALTER MOVE PARTITION`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `ALTER MOVE PART`, `MOVE PARTITION`, `MOVE PART`
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- `ALTER FETCH PARTITION`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `FETCH PARTITION`
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- `ALTER FREEZE PARTITION`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `FREEZE PARTITION`
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- `ALTER VIEW` 级别: `GROUP`
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- `ALTER VIEW REFRESH`. 级别: `VIEW`. 别名: `ALTER LIVE VIEW REFRESH`, `REFRESH VIEW`
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- `ALTER VIEW MODIFY QUERY`. 级别: `VIEW`. 别名: `ALTER TABLE MODIFY QUERY`
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如何对待该层级的示例:
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- `ALTER` 权限包含所有其它 `ALTER *` 的权限
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- `ALTER CONSTRAINT` 包含 `ALTER ADD CONSTRAINT` 和 `ALTER DROP CONSTRAINT`权限
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**备注**
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- `MODIFY SETTING`权限允许修改表的引擎设置。它不会影响服务的配置参数
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- `ATTACH` 操作需要 [CREATE](#grant-create) 权限.
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- `DETACH` 操作需要 [DROP](#grant-drop) 权限.
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- 要通过 [KILL MUTATION](../../sql-reference/statements/misc.md#kill-mutation) 操作来终止mutation, 你需要有发起mutation操作的权限。例如,当你想终止 `ALTER UPDATE`操作时,需要有 `ALTER UPDATE`, `ALTER TABLE`, 或 `ALTER`权限
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### CREATE {#grant-create}
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允许根据下面的权限层级来执行 [CREATE](../../sql-reference/statements/create.md) 和 [ATTACH](../../sql-reference/statements/misc.md#attach) DDL语句:
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- `CREATE`. 级别: `GROUP`
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- `CREATE DATABASE`. 级别: `DATABASE`
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- `CREATE TABLE`. 级别: `TABLE`
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- `CREATE VIEW`. 级别: `VIEW`
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- `CREATE DICTIONARY`. 级别: `DICTIONARY`
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- `CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
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**备注**
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- 删除已创建的表,用户需要 [DROP](#grant-drop)权限
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### DROP {#grant-drop}
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允许根据下面的权限层级来执行 [DROP](../../sql-reference/statements/misc.md#drop) 和 [DETACH](../../sql-reference/statements/misc.md#detach) :
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- `DROP`. 级别:
|
|||
|
- `DROP DATABASE`. 级别: `DATABASE`
|
|||
|
- `DROP TABLE`. 级别: `TABLE`
|
|||
|
- `DROP VIEW`. 级别: `VIEW`
|
|||
|
- `DROP DICTIONARY`. 级别: `DICTIONARY`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
### TRUNCATE {#grant-truncate}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
允许执行 [TRUNCATE](../../sql-reference/statements/misc.md#truncate-statement) .
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
权限级别: `TABLE`.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
### OPTIMIZE {#grant-optimize}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
允许执行 [OPTIMIZE TABLE](../../sql-reference/statements/misc.md#misc_operations-optimize) .
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
权限级别: `TABLE`.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
### SHOW {#grant-show}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
允许根据下面的权限层级来执行 `SHOW`, `DESCRIBE`, `USE`, 和 `EXISTS` :
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `SHOW`. 级别: `GROUP`
|
|||
|
- `SHOW DATABASES`. 级别: `DATABASE`. 允许执行 `SHOW DATABASES`, `SHOW CREATE DATABASE`, `USE <database>` .
|
|||
|
- `SHOW TABLES`. 级别: `TABLE`. 允许执行 `SHOW TABLES`, `EXISTS <table>`, `CHECK <table>` .
|
|||
|
- `SHOW COLUMNS`. 级别: `COLUMN`. 允许执行 `SHOW CREATE TABLE`, `DESCRIBE` .
|
|||
|
- `SHOW DICTIONARIES`. 级别: `DICTIONARY`. 允许执行 `SHOW DICTIONARIES`, `SHOW CREATE DICTIONARY`, `EXISTS <dictionary>` .
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
**备注**
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
用户同时拥有 `SHOW`权限,当用户对指定表,字典或数据库有其它的权限时。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
### KILL QUERY {#grant-kill-query}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
允许根据下面的权限层级来执行 [KILL](../../sql-reference/statements/misc.md#kill-query-statement):
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
权限级别: `GLOBAL`.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
**备注**
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
`KILL QUERY` 权限允许用户终止其它用户提交的操作。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
### 访问管理 {#grant-access-management}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
允许用户执行管理用户/角色和行规则的操作:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `ACCESS MANAGEMENT`. 级别: `GROUP`
|
|||
|
- `CREATE USER`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `ALTER USER`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `DROP USER`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `CREATE ROLE`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `ALTER ROLE`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `DROP ROLE`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `ROLE ADMIN`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `CREATE ROW POLICY`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: `CREATE POLICY`
|
|||
|
- `ALTER ROW POLICY`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: `ALTER POLICY`
|
|||
|
- `DROP ROW POLICY`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: `DROP POLICY`
|
|||
|
- `CREATE QUOTA`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `ALTER QUOTA`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `DROP QUOTA`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `CREATE SETTINGS PROFILE`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: `CREATE PROFILE`
|
|||
|
- `ALTER SETTINGS PROFILE`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: `ALTER PROFILE`
|
|||
|
- `DROP SETTINGS PROFILE`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: `DROP PROFILE`
|
|||
|
- `SHOW ACCESS`. 级别: `GROUP`
|
|||
|
- `SHOW_USERS`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: `SHOW CREATE USER`
|
|||
|
- `SHOW_ROLES`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: `SHOW CREATE ROLE`
|
|||
|
- `SHOW_ROW_POLICIES`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: `SHOW POLICIES`, `SHOW CREATE ROW POLICY`, `SHOW CREATE POLICY`
|
|||
|
- `SHOW_QUOTAS`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: `SHOW CREATE QUOTA`
|
|||
|
- `SHOW_SETTINGS_PROFILES`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: `SHOW PROFILES`, `SHOW CREATE SETTINGS PROFILE`, `SHOW CREATE PROFILE`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
`ROLE ADMIN` 权限允许用户对角色进行分配以及撤回,包括根据管理选项尚未分配的角色
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
### SYSTEM {#grant-system}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
允许根据下面的权限层级来执行 [SYSTEM](../../sql-reference/statements/system.md) :
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM`. 级别: `GROUP`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM SHUTDOWN`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: `SYSTEM KILL`, `SHUTDOWN`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM DROP CACHE`. 别名: `DROP CACHE`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM DROP DNS CACHE`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: `SYSTEM DROP DNS`, `DROP DNS CACHE`, `DROP DNS`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM DROP MARK CACHE`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: `SYSTEM DROP MARK`, `DROP MARK CACHE`, `DROP MARKS`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM DROP UNCOMPRESSED CACHE`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: `SYSTEM DROP UNCOMPRESSED`, `DROP UNCOMPRESSED CACHE`, `DROP UNCOMPRESSED`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM RELOAD`. 级别: `GROUP`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM RELOAD CONFIG`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: `RELOAD CONFIG`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM RELOAD DICTIONARY`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: `SYSTEM RELOAD DICTIONARIES`, `RELOAD DICTIONARY`, `RELOAD DICTIONARIES`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM RELOAD EMBEDDED DICTIONARIES`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: R`ELOAD EMBEDDED DICTIONARIES`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM MERGES`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `SYSTEM STOP MERGES`, `SYSTEM START MERGES`, `STOP MERGES`, `START MERGES`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM TTL MERGES`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `SYSTEM STOP TTL MERGES`, `SYSTEM START TTL MERGES`, `STOP TTL MERGES`, `START TTL MERGES`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM FETCHES`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `SYSTEM STOP FETCHES`, `SYSTEM START FETCHES`, `STOP FETCHES`, `START FETCHES`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM MOVES`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `SYSTEM STOP MOVES`, `SYSTEM START MOVES`, `STOP MOVES`, `START MOVES`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM SENDS`. 级别: `GROUP`. 别名: `SYSTEM STOP SENDS`, `SYSTEM START SENDS`, `STOP SENDS`, `START SENDS`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM DISTRIBUTED SENDS`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `SYSTEM STOP DISTRIBUTED SENDS`, `SYSTEM START DISTRIBUTED SENDS`, `STOP DISTRIBUTED SENDS`, `START DISTRIBUTED SENDS`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM REPLICATED SENDS`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `SYSTEM STOP REPLICATED SENDS`, `SYSTEM START REPLICATED SENDS`, `STOP REPLICATED SENDS`, `START REPLICATED SENDS`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM REPLICATION QUEUES`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `SYSTEM STOP REPLICATION QUEUES`, `SYSTEM START REPLICATION QUEUES`, `STOP REPLICATION QUEUES`, `START REPLICATION QUEUES`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM SYNC REPLICA`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `SYNC REPLICA`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM RESTART REPLICA`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `RESTART REPLICA`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM FLUSH`. 级别: `GROUP`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM FLUSH DISTRIBUTED`. 级别: `TABLE`. 别名: `FLUSH DISTRIBUTED`
|
|||
|
- `SYSTEM FLUSH LOGS`. 级别: `GLOBAL`. 别名: `FLUSH LOGS`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
`SYSTEM RELOAD EMBEDDED DICTIONARIES` 权限隐式的通过操作 `SYSTEM RELOAD DICTIONARY ON *.*` 来进行授权.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
### 内省introspection {#grant-introspection}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
允许使用 [introspection](../../operations/optimizing-performance/sampling-query-profiler.md) 函数.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `INTROSPECTION`. 级别: `GROUP`. 别名: `INTROSPECTION FUNCTIONS`
|
|||
|
- `addressToLine`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `addressToSymbol`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `demangle`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
### 数据源 {#grant-sources}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
允许在 [table engines](../../engines/table-engines/index.md) 和 [table functions](../../sql-reference/table-functions/index.md#table-functions)中使用外部数据源。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `SOURCES`. 级别: `GROUP`
|
|||
|
- `FILE`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `URL`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `REMOTE`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `YSQL`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `ODBC`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `JDBC`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `HDFS`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
- `S3`. 级别: `GLOBAL`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
`SOURCES` 权限允许使用所有数据源。当然也可以单独对每个数据源进行授权。要使用数据源时,还需要额外的权限。
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
示例:
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- 创建 [MySQL table engine](../../engines/table-engines/integrations/mysql.md), 需要 `CREATE TABLE (ON db.table_name)` 和 `MYSQL`权限。4
|
|||
|
- 要使用 [mysql table function](../../sql-reference/table-functions/mysql.md),需要 `CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE` 和 `MYSQL` 权限
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
### dictGet {#grant-dictget}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `dictGet`. 别名: `dictHas`, `dictGetHierarchy`, `dictIsIn`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
允许用户执行 [dictGet](../../sql-reference/functions/ext-dict-functions.md#dictget), [dictHas](../../sql-reference/functions/ext-dict-functions.md#dicthas), [dictGetHierarchy](../../sql-reference/functions/ext-dict-functions.md#dictgethierarchy), [dictIsIn](../../sql-reference/functions/ext-dict-functions.md#dictisin) 等函数.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
权限级别: `DICTIONARY`.
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
**示例**
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
- `GRANT dictGet ON mydb.mydictionary TO john`
|
|||
|
- `GRANT dictGet ON mydictionary TO john`
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
### ALL {#grant-all}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
对规定的实体(列,表,库等)给用户或角色授予所有权限
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
### NONE {#grant-none}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
不授予任何权限
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
### ADMIN OPTION {#admin-option-privilege}
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
`ADMIN OPTION` 权限允许用户将他们的角色分配给其它用户
|
|||
|
|
|||
|
[原始文档](https://clickhouse.tech/docs/en/query_language/grant/) <!--hide-->
|