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---
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slug: /zh/operations/system-tables/tables
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---
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# system.tables {#system-tables}
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包含服务器知道的每个表的元数据。 [分离的](../../sql-reference/statements/detach.mdx)表不在 `system.tables` 显示。
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[临时表](../../sql-reference/statements/create/table.mdx#temporary-tables)只在创建它们的会话中的 `system.tables` 中才可见。它们的数据库字段显示为空,并且 `is_temporary` 标志显示为开启。
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此表包含以下列 (列类型显示在括号中):
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- `database` ([String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md)) — 表所在的数据库名。
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- `name` ([String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md)) — 表名。
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- `engine` ([String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md)) — 表引擎名 (不包含参数)。
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- `is_temporary` ([UInt8](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md)) - 指示表是否是临时的标志。
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- `data_path` ([String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md)) - 表数据在文件系统中的路径。
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- `metadata_path` ([String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md)) - 表元数据在文件系统中的路径。
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- `metadata_modification_time` ([DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md)) - 表元数据的最新修改时间。
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- `dependencies_database` ([Array](../../sql-reference/data-types/array.md)([String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md))) - 数据库依赖关系。
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- `dependencies_table` ([Array](../../sql-reference/data-types/array.md)([String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md))) - 表依赖关系 (基于当前表的 [物化视图](../../engines/table-engines/special/materializedview.md) 表) 。
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- `create_table_query` ([String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md)) - 用于创建表的 SQL 语句。
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- `engine_full` ([String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md)) - 表引擎的参数。
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- `as_select` ([String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md)) - 视图的 `SELECT` 语句。
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- `partition_key` ([String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md)) - 表中指定的分区键表达式。
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- `sorting_key` ([String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md)) - 表中指定的排序键表达式。
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- `primary_key` ([String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md)) - 表中指定的主键表达式。
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- `sampling_key` ([String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md)) - 表中指定的采样键表达式。
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- `storage_policy` ([String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md)) - 存储策略:
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- [MergeTree](../../engines/table-engines/mergetree-family/mergetree.md#table_engine-mergetree-multiple-volumes)
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- [Distributed](../../engines/table-engines/special/distributed.md#distributed)
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- `total_rows` ([Nullable](../../sql-reference/data-types/nullable.md)([UInt64](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md))) - 总行数,如果无法快速确定表中的确切行数,则行数返回为 `NULL` (包括底层 `Buffer` 表) 。
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- `total_bytes` ([Nullable](../../sql-reference/data-types/nullable.md)([UInt64](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md))) - 总字节数,如果无法快速确定存储表的确切字节数,则字节数返回为 `NULL` ( **不** 包括任何底层存储) 。
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- 如果表将数据存在磁盘上,返回实际使用的磁盘空间 (压缩后) 。
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- 如果表在内存中存储数据,返回在内存中使用的近似字节数。
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- `lifetime_rows` ([Nullable](../../sql-reference/data-types/nullable.md)([UInt64](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md))) - 服务启动后插入的总行数(只针对 `Buffer` 表) 。
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- `lifetime_bytes` ([Nullable](../../sql-reference/data-types/nullable.md)([UInt64](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md))) - 服务启动后插入的总字节数(只针对 `Buffer` 表) 。
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- `comment` ([String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md)) - 表的注释。
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- `has_own_data` ([UInt8](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md)) — 标志,表示表本身是否在磁盘上存储数据,或者访问其他来源。
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`system.tables` 表被用于 `SHOW TABLES` 的查询实现中。
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**示例**
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```sql
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SELECT * FROM system.tables LIMIT 2 FORMAT Vertical;
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```
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```text
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Row 1:
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──────
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database: base
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name: t1
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uuid: 81b1c20a-b7c6-4116-a2ce-7583fb6b6736
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engine: MergeTree
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is_temporary: 0
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data_paths: ['/var/lib/clickhouse/store/81b/81b1c20a-b7c6-4116-a2ce-7583fb6b6736/']
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metadata_path: /var/lib/clickhouse/store/461/461cf698-fd0b-406d-8c01-5d8fd5748a91/t1.sql
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metadata_modification_time: 2021-01-25 19:14:32
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dependencies_database: []
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dependencies_table: []
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create_table_query: CREATE TABLE base.t1 (`n` UInt64) ENGINE = MergeTree ORDER BY n SETTINGS index_granularity = 8192
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engine_full: MergeTree ORDER BY n SETTINGS index_granularity = 8192
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as_select: SELECT database AS table_catalog
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partition_key:
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sorting_key: n
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primary_key: n
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sampling_key:
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storage_policy: default
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total_rows: 1
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total_bytes: 99
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lifetime_rows: ᴺᵁᴸᴸ
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lifetime_bytes: ᴺᵁᴸᴸ
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comment:
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has_own_data: 0
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Row 2:
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──────
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database: default
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name: 53r93yleapyears
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uuid: 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000
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engine: MergeTree
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is_temporary: 0
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data_paths: ['/var/lib/clickhouse/data/default/53r93yleapyears/']
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metadata_path: /var/lib/clickhouse/metadata/default/53r93yleapyears.sql
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metadata_modification_time: 2020-09-23 09:05:36
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dependencies_database: []
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dependencies_table: []
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create_table_query: CREATE TABLE default.`53r93yleapyears` (`id` Int8, `febdays` Int8) ENGINE = MergeTree ORDER BY id SETTINGS index_granularity = 8192
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engine_full: MergeTree ORDER BY id SETTINGS index_granularity = 8192
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as_select: SELECT name AS catalog_name
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partition_key:
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sorting_key: id
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primary_key: id
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sampling_key:
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storage_policy: default
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total_rows: 2
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total_bytes: 155
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lifetime_rows: ᴺᵁᴸᴸ
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lifetime_bytes: ᴺᵁᴸᴸ
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comment:
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has_own_data: 0
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```
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