Merge pull request #34625 from cnmade/PR202202161000

Translate zh/sql-reference/statements/alter/view

docs/zh/sql-reference/statements/alter/view.md

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docs/zh/sql-reference/statements/alter/view.md

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+---
+toc_priority: 50
+toc_title: VIEW
+---
+
+# ALTER TABLE … MODIFY QUERY 语句 {#alter-modify-query}
+
+当使用`ALTER TABLE … MODIFY QUERY`语句创建一个[物化视图](../create/view.md#materialized)时，可以修改`SELECT`查询。当物化视图在没有  `TO [db.]name` 的情况下创建时使用它。必须启用 `allow_experimental_alter_materialized_view_structure`设置。
+
+如果一个物化视图使用`TO [db.]name`，你必须先 [DETACH](../detach.md) 视图。用[ALTER TABLE](index.md)修改目标表，然后 [ATTACH](../attach.md)之前分离的(`DETACH`)视图。
+
+**示例**
+
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE src_table (`a` UInt32) ENGINE = MergeTree ORDER BY a;
+CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mv (`a` UInt32) ENGINE = MergeTree ORDER BY a AS SELECT a FROM src_table; 
+INSERT INTO src_table (a) VALUES (1), (2);
+SELECT * FROM mv;
+```
+```text
+┌─a─┐
+│ 1 │
+│ 2 │
+└───┘
+```
+```sql
+ALTER TABLE mv MODIFY QUERY SELECT a * 2 as a FROM src_table;
+INSERT INTO src_table (a) VALUES (3), (4);
+SELECT * FROM mv;
+```
+```text
+┌─a─┐
+│ 6 │
+│ 8 │
+└───┘
+┌─a─┐
+│ 1 │
+│ 2 │
+└───┘
+```
+
+## ALTER LIVE VIEW 语句 {#alter-live-view}
+
+`ALTER LIVE VIEW ... REFRESH` 语句刷新一个 [实时视图](../create/view.md#live-view). 参见 [强制实时视图刷新](../create/view.md#live-view-alter-refresh).