Forbid use_structure_from_insertion_table_in_table_functions when execute scalar

src/Interpreters/ExecuteScalarSubqueriesVisitor.cpp

@@ -77,6 +77,10 @@ static auto getQueryInterpreter(const ASTSubquery & subquery, ExecuteScalarSubqu
     subquery_settings.max_result_rows = 1;
     subquery_settings.extremes = false;
     subquery_context->setSettings(subquery_settings);
+
+    /// When execute `INSERT INTO t WITH ... SELECT ...`, it may lead to `Unknown columns`
+    /// exception with this settings enabled(https://github.com/ClickHouse/ClickHouse/issues/52494).
+    subquery_context->getQueryContext()->setSetting("use_structure_from_insertion_table_in_table_functions", false);
     if (!data.only_analyze && subquery_context->hasQueryContext())
     {
         /// Save current cached scalars in the context before analyzing the query

tests/queries/0_stateless/02843_insertion_table_schema_infer.reference

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+user127	1
+user405	1
+user902	1

tests/queries/0_stateless/02843_insertion_table_schema_infer.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Tags: no-parallel, no-fasttest
+
+set -e
+
+CUR_DIR=$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)
+# shellcheck source=../shell_config.sh
+. "$CUR_DIR"/../shell_config.sh
+
+DATA_DIR=$CUR_DIR/data_tsv
+
+$CLICKHOUSE_LOCAL --multiquery \
+"CREATE VIEW users AS SELECT * FROM file('$DATA_DIR/mock_data.tsv', TSVWithNamesAndTypes); 
+ CREATE TABLE users_output (name String, tag UInt64)ENGINE = Memory;
+ INSERT INTO users_output WITH (SELECT groupUniqArrayArray(mapKeys(Tags)) FROM users) AS unique_tags SELECT UserName AS name, length(unique_tags) AS tag FROM users;
+ SELECT * FROM users_output;"

tests/queries/0_stateless/data_tsv/mock_data.tsv

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+UserName	Age	Tags
+String	Int8	Map(String, UInt64)
+user127	20	{'test': 123}
+user405	43	{'test': 123}
+user902	43	{'test': 123}