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D:/Git/en/date-time-functions
This commit is contained in:
Daria Mozhaeva
parent
e8c7331256
commit
aad9dda479
@ -23,13 +23,53 @@ SELECT
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└─────────────────────┴────────────┴────────────┴─────────────────────┘
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```
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## toTimeZone {#totimezone}
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## timeZone {#timezone}
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Convert time or date and time to the specified time zone. The time zone is an attribute of the Date/DateTime types. The internal value (number of seconds) of the table field or of the resultset's column does not change, the column's type changes and its string representation changes accordingly.
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Returns the timezone of the server.
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**Syntax**
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``` sql
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SELECT
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toDateTime('2019-01-01 00:00:00', 'UTC') AS time_utc,
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timeZone()
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```
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Alias: `timezone`.
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**Returned value**
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- Timezone.
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Type: [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md).
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## toTimeZone {#totimezone}
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Converts time or date and time to the specified time zone. The time zone is an attribute of the `Date` and `DateTime` data types. The internal value (number of seconds) of the table field or of the resultset's column does not change, the column's type changes and its string representation changes accordingly.
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**Syntax**
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``` sql
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toTimezone(value, timezone)
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```
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Alias: `toTimezone`.
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**Arguments**
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- `value` — Time or date and time. [DateTime64](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime64.md).
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- `timezone` — Timezone for the returned value. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md).
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**Returned value**
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- Date and time.
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Type: [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md).
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**Example**
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Query:
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```sql
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SELECT toDateTime('2019-01-01 00:00:00', 'UTC') AS time_utc,
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toTypeName(time_utc) AS type_utc,
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toInt32(time_utc) AS int32utc,
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toTimeZone(time_utc, 'Asia/Yekaterinburg') AS time_yekat,
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@ -40,6 +80,7 @@ SELECT
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toInt32(time_samoa) AS int32samoa
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FORMAT Vertical;
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```
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Result:
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```text
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Row 1:
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@ -57,44 +98,138 @@ int32samoa: 1546300800
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`toTimeZone(time_utc, 'Asia/Yekaterinburg')` changes the `DateTime('UTC')` type to `DateTime('Asia/Yekaterinburg')`. The value (Unixtimestamp) 1546300800 stays the same, but the string representation (the result of the toString() function) changes from `time_utc: 2019-01-01 00:00:00` to `time_yekat: 2019-01-01 05:00:00`.
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## timeZoneOf {#timezoneof}
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Returns the timezone name of [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md) or [DateTime64](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime64.md) data types.
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**Syntax**
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``` sql
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timeZoneOf(value)
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```
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Alias: `timezoneOf`.
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**Arguments**
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- `value` — Date and time. [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md) or [DateTime64](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime64.md).
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**Returned value**
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- Timezone name.
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Type: [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md).
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**Example**
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Query:
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``` sql
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SELECT timezoneOf(now());
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```
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Result:
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``` text
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┌─timezoneOf(now())─┐
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│ Etc/UTC │
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└───────────────────┘
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```
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## timeZoneOffset {#timezoneoffset}
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Returns a timezone offset in seconds from [UTC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time). The function takes into account [daylight saving time](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daylight_saving_time) and historical timezone changes at the specified date and time.
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[IANA timezone database](https://www.iana.org/time-zones) is used to calculate the offset.
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**Syntax**
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``` sql
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timeZoneOffset(value)
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```
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Alias: `timezoneOffset`.
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**Arguments**
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- `value` — Date and time. [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md) or [DateTime64](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime64.md).
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**Returned value**
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- Offset from UTC in seconds.
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Type: [Int32](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md).
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**Example**
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Query:
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``` sql
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SELECT toDateTime('2021-04-21 10:20:30', 'America/New_York') AS Time, toTypeName(Time) AS Type,
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timeZoneOffset(Time) AS Offset_in_seconds, (Offset_in_seconds / 3600) AS Offset_in_hours;
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```
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Result:
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``` text
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┌────────────────Time─┬─Type─────────────────────────┬─Offset_in_seconds─┬─Offset_in_hours─┐
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│ 2021-04-21 10:20:30 │ DateTime('America/New_York') │ -14400 │ -4 │
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└─────────────────────┴──────────────────────────────┴───────────────────┴─────────────────┘
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```
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## toYear {#toyear}
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Converts a date or date with time to a UInt16 number containing the year number (AD).
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Alias: `YEAR`.
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## toQuarter {#toquarter}
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Converts a date or date with time to a UInt8 number containing the quarter number.
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Alias: `QUARTER`.
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## toMonth {#tomonth}
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Converts a date or date with time to a UInt8 number containing the month number (1-12).
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Alias: `MONTH`.
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## toDayOfYear {#todayofyear}
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Converts a date or date with time to a UInt16 number containing the number of the day of the year (1-366).
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Alias: `DAYOFYEAR`.
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## toDayOfMonth {#todayofmonth}
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Converts a date or date with time to a UInt8 number containing the number of the day of the month (1-31).
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Aliases: `DAYOFMONTH`, `DAY`.
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## toDayOfWeek {#todayofweek}
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Converts a date or date with time to a UInt8 number containing the number of the day of the week (Monday is 1, and Sunday is 7).
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Alias: `DAYOFWEEK`.
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## toHour {#tohour}
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Converts a date with time to a UInt8 number containing the number of the hour in 24-hour time (0-23).
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This function assumes that if clocks are moved ahead, it is by one hour and occurs at 2 a.m., and if clocks are moved back, it is by one hour and occurs at 3 a.m. (which is not always true – even in Moscow the clocks were twice changed at a different time).
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Alias: `HOUR`.
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## toMinute {#tominute}
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Converts a date with time to a UInt8 number containing the number of the minute of the hour (0-59).
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Alias: `MINUTE`.
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## toSecond {#tosecond}
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Converts a date with time to a UInt8 number containing the number of the second in the minute (0-59).
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Leap seconds are not accounted for.
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Alias: `SECOND`.
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## toUnixTimestamp {#to-unix-timestamp}
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For DateTime argument: converts value to the number with type UInt32 -- Unix Timestamp (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_time).
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@ -189,7 +324,7 @@ Truncates sub-seconds.
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toStartOfSecond(value[, timezone])
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```
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**Parameters**
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**Arguments**
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- `value` — Date and time. [DateTime64](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime64.md).
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- `timezone` — [Timezone](../../operations/server-configuration-parameters/settings.md#server_configuration_parameters-timezone) for the returned value (optional). If not specified, the function uses the timezone of the `value` parameter. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md).
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@ -331,7 +466,7 @@ For mode values with a meaning of “contains January 1”, the week contains Ja
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toWeek(date, [, mode][, Timezone])
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```
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**Parameters**
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**Arguments**
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- `date` – Date or DateTime.
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- `mode` – Optional parameter, Range of values is \[0,9\], default is 0.
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@ -381,7 +516,7 @@ date_trunc(unit, value[, timezone])
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Alias: `dateTrunc`.
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**Parameters**
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**Arguments**
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- `unit` — The type of interval to truncate the result. [String Literal](../syntax.md#syntax-string-literal).
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Possible values:
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@ -434,13 +569,13 @@ Result:
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└─────────────────────┴────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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```
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**See also**
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**See Also**
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- [toStartOfInterval](#tostartofintervaltime-or-data-interval-x-unit-time-zone)
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## date\_add {#date_add}
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Adds specified date/time interval to the provided date.
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Adds the time interval or date interval to the provided date or date with time.
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**Syntax**
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@ -450,25 +585,39 @@ date_add(unit, value, date)
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Aliases: `dateAdd`, `DATE_ADD`.
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**Parameters**
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**Arguments**
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- `unit` — The type of interval to add. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md).
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Possible values:
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Supported values: second, minute, hour, day, week, month, quarter, year.
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- `value` - Value in specified unit - [Int](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md)
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- `date` — [Date](../../sql-reference/data-types/date.md) or [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md).
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- `second`
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- `minute`
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- `hour`
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- `day`
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- `week`
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- `month`
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- `quarter`
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- `year`
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- `value` — Value of interval to add. [Int](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md).
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- `date` — The date or date with time to which `value` is added. [Date](../../sql-reference/data-types/date.md) or [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md).
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**Returned value**
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Returns Date or DateTime with `value` expressed in `unit` added to `date`.
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Date or date with time obtained by adding `value`, expressed in `unit`, to `date`.
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Type: [Date](../../sql-reference/data-types/date.md) or [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md).
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**Example**
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Query:
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```sql
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select date_add(YEAR, 3, toDate('2018-01-01'));
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SELECT date_add(YEAR, 3, toDate('2018-01-01'));
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```
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Result:
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```text
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┌─plus(toDate('2018-01-01'), toIntervalYear(3))─┐
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│ 2021-01-01 │
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@ -477,7 +626,7 @@ select date_add(YEAR, 3, toDate('2018-01-01'));
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## date\_diff {#date_diff}
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Returns the difference between two Date or DateTime values.
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Returns the difference between two dates or dates with time values.
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**Syntax**
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@ -487,23 +636,31 @@ date_diff('unit', startdate, enddate, [timezone])
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Aliases: `dateDiff`, `DATE_DIFF`.
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**Parameters**
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**Arguments**
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- `unit` — The type of interval for result [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md).
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- `unit` — The type of interval for result. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md).
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Possible values:
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Supported values: second, minute, hour, day, week, month, quarter, year.
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- `second`
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- `minute`
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- `hour`
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- `day`
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- `week`
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- `month`
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- `quarter`
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- `year`
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- `startdate` — The first time value to subtract (the subtrahend). [Date](../../sql-reference/data-types/date.md) or [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md).
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- `enddate` — The second time value to subtract from (the minuend). [Date](../../sql-reference/data-types/date.md) or [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md).
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- `timezone` — Optional parameter. If specified, it is applied to both `startdate` and `enddate`. If not specified, timezones of `startdate` and `enddate` are used. If they are not the same, the result is unspecified.
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- `timezone` — [Timezone name](../../operations/server-configuration-parameters/settings.md#server_configuration_parameters-timezone) (optional). If specified, it is applied to both `startdate` and `enddate`. If not specified, timezones of `startdate` and `enddate` are used. If they are not the same, the result is unspecified. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md).
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**Returned value**
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Difference between `enddate` and `startdate` expressed in `unit`.
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Type: `int`.
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Type: [Int](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md).
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**Example**
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@ -523,7 +680,7 @@ Result:
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## date\_sub {#date_sub}
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Subtracts a time/date interval from the provided date.
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Subtracts the time interval or date interval from the provided date or date with time.
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**Syntax**
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@ -533,17 +690,28 @@ date_sub(unit, value, date)
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Aliases: `dateSub`, `DATE_SUB`.
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**Parameters**
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**Arguments**
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- `unit` — The type of interval to subtract. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md).
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Possible values:
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Supported values: second, minute, hour, day, week, month, quarter, year.
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- `value` - Value in specified unit - [Int](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md)
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- `date` — [Date](../../sql-reference/data-types/date.md) or [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md) to subtract value from.
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- `second`
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- `minute`
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- `hour`
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- `day`
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- `week`
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- `month`
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- `quarter`
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- `year`
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- `value` — Value of interval to subtract. [Int](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md).
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- `date` — The date or date with time from which `value` is subtracted. [Date](../../sql-reference/data-types/date.md) or [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md).
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**Returned value**
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Returns Date or DateTime with `value` expressed in `unit` subtracted from `date`.
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Date or date with time obtained by subtracting `value`, expressed in `unit`, from `date`.
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Type: [Date](../../sql-reference/data-types/date.md) or [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md).
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**Example**
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@ -573,24 +741,38 @@ timestamp_add(date, INTERVAL value unit)
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Aliases: `timeStampAdd`, `TIMESTAMP_ADD`.
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**Parameters**
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**Arguments**
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- `date` — Date or Date with time - [Date](../../sql-reference/data-types/date.md) or [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md).
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- `value` - Value in specified unit - [Int](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md)
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- `date` — Date or date with time. [Date](../../sql-reference/data-types/date.md) or [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md).
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- `value` — Value of interval to add. [Int](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md).
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- `unit` — The type of interval to add. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md).
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Possible values:
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Supported values: second, minute, hour, day, week, month, quarter, year.
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- `second`
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- `minute`
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- `hour`
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- `day`
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- `week`
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- `month`
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- `quarter`
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- `year`
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**Returned value**
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Returns Date or DateTime with the specified `value` expressed in `unit` added to `date`.
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Date or date with time with the specified `value` expressed in `unit` added to `date`.
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Type: [Date](../../sql-reference/data-types/date.md) or [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md).
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**Example**
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Query:
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```sql
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select timestamp_add(toDate('2018-01-01'), INTERVAL 3 MONTH);
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```
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Result:
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```text
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┌─plus(toDate('2018-01-01'), toIntervalMonth(3))─┐
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│ 2018-04-01 │
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@ -599,7 +781,7 @@ select timestamp_add(toDate('2018-01-01'), INTERVAL 3 MONTH);
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## timestamp\_sub {#timestamp_sub}
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Returns the difference between two dates in the specified unit.
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Subtracts the time interval from the provided date or date with time.
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**Syntax**
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@ -609,24 +791,39 @@ timestamp_sub(unit, value, date)
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Aliases: `timeStampSub`, `TIMESTAMP_SUB`.
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**Parameters**
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**Arguments**
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- `unit` — The type of interval to add. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md).
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- `unit` — The type of interval to subtract. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md).
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Possible values:
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Supported values: second, minute, hour, day, week, month, quarter, year.
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- `value` - Value in specified unit - [Int](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md).
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- `date`- [Date](../../sql-reference/data-types/date.md) or [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md).
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- `second`
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- `minute`
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- `hour`
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- `day`
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- `week`
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- `month`
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- `quarter`
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- `year`
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|
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- `value` — Value of interval to subtract. [Int](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md).
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- `date` — Date or date with time. [Date](../../sql-reference/data-types/date.md) or [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md).
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**Returned value**
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Difference between `date` and the specified `value` expressed in `unit`.
|
||||
Date or date with time obtained by subtracting `value`, expressed in `unit`, from `date`.
|
||||
|
||||
Type: [Date](../../sql-reference/data-types/date.md) or [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md).
|
||||
|
||||
**Example**
|
||||
|
||||
Query:
|
||||
|
||||
```sql
|
||||
select timestamp_sub(MONTH, 5, toDateTime('2018-12-18 01:02:03'));
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Result:
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
┌─minus(toDateTime('2018-12-18 01:02:03'), toIntervalMonth(5))─┐
|
||||
│ 2018-07-18 01:02:03 │
|
||||
@ -643,7 +840,7 @@ Returns the current date and time.
|
||||
now([timezone])
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Parameters**
|
||||
**Arguments**
|
||||
|
||||
- `timezone` — [Timezone name](../../operations/server-configuration-parameters/settings.md#server_configuration_parameters-timezone) for the returned value (optional). [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -756,7 +953,7 @@ This is necessary for searching for pageviews in the corresponding session.
|
||||
|
||||
## formatDateTime {#formatdatetime}
|
||||
|
||||
Function formats a Time according given Format string. N.B.: Format is a constant expression, e.g. you can not have multiple formats for single result column.
|
||||
Formats a Time according to the given Format string. Format is a constant expression, so you cannot have multiple formats for a single result column.
|
||||
|
||||
**Syntax**
|
||||
|
||||
@ -776,7 +973,7 @@ Using replacement fields, you can define a pattern for the resulting string. “
|
||||
| %C | year divided by 100 and truncated to integer (00-99) | 20 |
|
||||
| %d | day of the month, zero-padded (01-31) | 02 |
|
||||
| %D | Short MM/DD/YY date, equivalent to %m/%d/%y | 01/02/18 |
|
||||
| %e | day of the month, space-padded ( 1-31) | 2 |
|
||||
| %e | day of the month, space-padded ( 1-31) | 2 |
|
||||
| %F | short YYYY-MM-DD date, equivalent to %Y-%m-%d | 2018-01-02 |
|
||||
| %G | four-digit year format for ISO week number, calculated from the week-based year [defined by the ISO 8601](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601#Week_dates) standard, normally useful only with %V | 2018 |
|
||||
| %g | two-digit year format, aligned to ISO 8601, abbreviated from four-digit notation | 18 |
|
||||
@ -815,31 +1012,32 @@ Result:
|
||||
└────────────────────────────────────────────┘
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
[Original article](https://clickhouse.tech/docs/en/query_language/functions/date_time_functions/) <!--hide-->
|
||||
|
||||
## FROM\_UNIXTIME {#fromunixfime}
|
||||
|
||||
When there is only single argument of integer type, it act in the same way as `toDateTime` and return [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md).
|
||||
type.
|
||||
Function converts Unix timestamp to a calendar date and a time of a day. When there is only a single argument of [Integer](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md) type, it acts in the same way as [toDateTime](../../sql-reference/functions/type-conversion-functions.md#todatetime) and return [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md) type.
|
||||
|
||||
For example:
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
|
||||
Query:
|
||||
|
||||
```sql
|
||||
SELECT FROM_UNIXTIME(423543535)
|
||||
SELECT FROM_UNIXTIME(423543535);
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Result:
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
┌─FROM_UNIXTIME(423543535)─┐
|
||||
│ 1983-06-04 10:58:55 │
|
||||
└──────────────────────────┘
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
When there are two arguments, first is integer or DateTime, second is constant format string, it act in the same way as `formatDateTime` and return `String` type.
|
||||
When there are two arguments: first is an [Integer](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md) or [DateTime](../../sql-reference/data-types/datetime.md), second is a constant format string — it acts in the same way as [formatDateTime](#formatdatetime) and return [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string) type.
|
||||
|
||||
For example:
|
||||
|
||||
```sql
|
||||
SELECT FROM_UNIXTIME(1234334543, '%Y-%m-%d %R:%S') AS DateTime
|
||||
SELECT FROM_UNIXTIME(1234334543, '%Y-%m-%d %R:%S') AS DateTime;
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
```text
|
||||
@ -858,7 +1056,7 @@ Converts a [Proleptic Gregorian calendar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolepti
|
||||
toModifiedJulianDay(date)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Parameters**
|
||||
**Arguments**
|
||||
|
||||
- `date` — Date in text form. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md) or [FixedString](../../sql-reference/data-types/fixedstring.md).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -894,7 +1092,7 @@ Similar to [toModifiedJulianDay()](#tomodifiedjulianday), but instead of raising
|
||||
toModifiedJulianDayOrNull(date)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Parameters**
|
||||
**Arguments**
|
||||
|
||||
- `date` — Date in text form. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md) or [FixedString](../../sql-reference/data-types/fixedstring.md).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -930,7 +1128,7 @@ Converts a [Modified Julian Day](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_day#Varian
|
||||
fromModifiedJulianDay(day)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Parameters**
|
||||
**Arguments**
|
||||
|
||||
- `day` — Modified Julian Day number. [Any integral types](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -966,7 +1164,7 @@ Similar to [fromModifiedJulianDayOrNull()](#frommodifiedjuliandayornull), but in
|
||||
fromModifiedJulianDayOrNull(day)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Parameters**
|
||||
**Arguments**
|
||||
|
||||
- `day` — Modified Julian Day number. [Any integral types](../../sql-reference/data-types/int-uint.md).
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user