diff --git a/src/Storages/MergeTree/MergeTreeIndexInverted.cpp b/src/Storages/MergeTree/MergeTreeIndexInverted.cpp
index 6b4919c545d..325df6ffb6f 100644
--- a/src/Storages/MergeTree/MergeTreeIndexInverted.cpp
+++ b/src/Storages/MergeTree/MergeTreeIndexInverted.cpp
@@ -491,6 +491,10 @@ bool MergeTreeConditionInverted::traverseASTEquals(
                 DataTypePtr const_type;
                 if (argument.tryGetConstant(const_value, const_type))
                 {
+                    auto const_data_type = WhichDataType(const_type);
+                    if (!const_data_type.isStringOrFixedString() && !const_data_type.isArray())
+                        return false;
+
                     key_column_num = header.getPositionByName(map_keys_index_column_name);
                     key_exists = true;
                 }
diff --git a/tests/queries/0_stateless/02862_index_inverted_incorrect_args.reference b/tests/queries/0_stateless/02862_index_inverted_incorrect_args.reference
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e69de29bb2d
diff --git a/tests/queries/0_stateless/02862_index_inverted_incorrect_args.sql b/tests/queries/0_stateless/02862_index_inverted_incorrect_args.sql
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e3d9adc1574
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/queries/0_stateless/02862_index_inverted_incorrect_args.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+-- https://github.com/ClickHouse/ClickHouse/issues/52019
+DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tab;
+SET allow_experimental_inverted_index=1;
+CREATE TABLE tab (`k` UInt64, `s` Map(String, String), INDEX af mapKeys(s) TYPE inverted(2) GRANULARITY 1) ENGINE = MergeTree ORDER BY k SETTINGS index_granularity = 2, index_granularity_bytes = '10Mi';
+INSERT INTO tab (k) VALUES (0);
+SELECT * FROM tab PREWHERE (s[NULL]) = 'Click a03' SETTINGS allow_experimental_analyzer=1; -- { serverError ILLEGAL_TYPE_OF_COLUMN_FOR_FILTER }
+SELECT * FROM tab PREWHERE (s[1]) = 'Click a03' SETTINGS allow_experimental_analyzer=1; -- { serverError ILLEGAL_TYPE_OF_ARGUMENT }
+SELECT * FROM tab PREWHERE (s['foo']) = 'Click a03' SETTINGS allow_experimental_analyzer=1;