diff --git a/src/Backups/BackupCoordinationStageSync.cpp b/src/Backups/BackupCoordinationStageSync.cpp
index cedcecfd35c..2eba3440be9 100644
--- a/src/Backups/BackupCoordinationStageSync.cpp
+++ b/src/Backups/BackupCoordinationStageSync.cpp
@@ -154,14 +154,14 @@ BackupCoordinationStageSync::State BackupCoordinationStageSync::readCurrentState
                 /// If the "alive" node doesn't exist then we don't have connection to the corresponding host.
                 /// This node is ephemeral so probably it will be recreated soon. We use zookeeper retries to wait.
                 /// In worst case when we won't manage to see the alive node for a long time we will just abort the backup.
-                String message;
+                const auto * const suffix = retries_ctl.isLastRetry() ? "" : ", will retry";
                 if (started)
-                    message = fmt::format("Lost connection to host {}", host);
+                    retries_ctl.setUserError(Exception(ErrorCodes::FAILED_TO_SYNC_BACKUP_OR_RESTORE,
+                                                       "Lost connection to host {}{}", host, suffix));
                 else
-                    message = fmt::format("No connection to host {} yet", host);
-                if (!retries_ctl.isLastRetry())
-                    message += ", will retry";
-                retries_ctl.setUserError(ErrorCodes::FAILED_TO_SYNC_BACKUP_OR_RESTORE, message);
+                    retries_ctl.setUserError(Exception(ErrorCodes::FAILED_TO_SYNC_BACKUP_OR_RESTORE,
+                                                       "No connection to host {} yet{}", host, suffix));
+
                 state.disconnected_host = host;
                 return state;
             }
diff --git a/src/Storages/MergeTree/ReplicatedMergeTreeSink.cpp b/src/Storages/MergeTree/ReplicatedMergeTreeSink.cpp
index 8b22c61e012..218ed3bff12 100644
--- a/src/Storages/MergeTree/ReplicatedMergeTreeSink.cpp
+++ b/src/Storages/MergeTree/ReplicatedMergeTreeSink.cpp
@@ -776,7 +776,7 @@ std::pair<std::vector<String>, bool> ReplicatedMergeTreeSinkImpl<async_insert>::
             if (!writing_existing_part)
             {
                 retries_ctl.setUserError(
-                    ErrorCodes::TABLE_IS_READ_ONLY, "Table is in readonly mode: replica_path={}", storage.replica_path);
+                    Exception(ErrorCodes::TABLE_IS_READ_ONLY, "Table is in readonly mode: replica_path={}", storage.replica_path));
                 return CommitRetryContext::LOCK_AND_COMMIT;
             }
         }
@@ -1075,10 +1075,10 @@ std::pair<std::vector<String>, bool> ReplicatedMergeTreeSinkImpl<async_insert>::
             new_retry_controller.actionAfterLastFailedRetry([&]
             {
                 /// We do not know whether or not data has been inserted in other replicas
-                new_retry_controller.setUserError(
+                new_retry_controller.setUserError(Exception(
                     ErrorCodes::UNKNOWN_STATUS_OF_INSERT,
                     "Unknown quorum status. The data was inserted in the local replica but we could not verify quorum. Reason: {}",
-                    new_retry_controller.getLastKeeperErrorMessage());
+                    new_retry_controller.getLastKeeperErrorMessage()));
             });
 
             new_retry_controller.retryLoop([&]()
diff --git a/src/Storages/MergeTree/ZooKeeperRetries.h b/src/Storages/MergeTree/ZooKeeperRetries.h
index 15874b8f675..22282345220 100644
--- a/src/Storages/MergeTree/ZooKeeperRetries.h
+++ b/src/Storages/MergeTree/ZooKeeperRetries.h
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ public:
         return false;
     }
 
-    void setUserError(std::exception_ptr exception, int code, std::string message)
+    void setUserError(std::exception_ptr exception, int code, const std::string & message)
     {
         if (logger)
             LOG_TRACE(logger, "ZooKeeperRetriesControl: {}: setUserError: error={} message={}", name, code, message);
@@ -127,21 +127,9 @@ public:
         keeper_error = KeeperError{};
     }
 
-    template <typename... Args>
-    void setUserError(std::exception_ptr exception, int code, fmt::format_string<Args...> fmt, Args &&... args)
+    void setUserError(const Exception & exception)
     {
-        setUserError(exception, code, fmt::format(fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...));
-    }
-
-    void setUserError(int code, std::string message)
-    {
-        setUserError(std::make_exception_ptr(Exception::createDeprecated(message, code)), code, message);
-    }
-
-    template <typename... Args>
-    void setUserError(int code, fmt::format_string<Args...> fmt, Args &&... args)
-    {
-        setUserError(code, fmt::format(fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...));
+        setUserError(std::make_exception_ptr(exception), exception.code(), exception.message());
     }
 
     void setKeeperError(std::exception_ptr exception, Coordination::Error code, std::string message)
@@ -159,23 +147,6 @@ public:
         user_error = UserError{};
     }
 
-    template <typename... Args>
-    void setKeeperError(std::exception_ptr exception, Coordination::Error code, fmt::format_string<Args...> fmt, Args &&... args)
-    {
-        setKeeperError(exception, code, fmt::format(fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...));
-    }
-
-    void setKeeperError(Coordination::Error code, std::string message)
-    {
-        setKeeperError(std::make_exception_ptr(zkutil::KeeperException::createDeprecated(message, code)), code, message);
-    }
-
-    template <typename... Args>
-    void setKeeperError(Coordination::Error code, fmt::format_string<Args...> fmt, Args &&... args)
-    {
-        setKeeperError(code, fmt::format(fmt, std::forward<Args>(args)...));
-    }
-
     void stopRetries() { stop_retries = true; }
 
     bool isLastRetry() const { return total_failures >= retries_info.max_retries; }