--- slug: /zh/getting-started/example-datasets/recipes sidebar_label: 食谱数据集 title: "食谱数据集" --- RecipeNLG 数据集可在 [此处](https://recipenlg.cs.put.poznan.pl/dataset) 下载。其中包含 220 万份食谱。大小略小于 1 GB。 ## 下载并解压数据集 1. 进入下载页面[https://recipenlg.cs.put.poznan.pl/dataset](https://recipenlg.cs.put.poznan.pl/dataset)。 2. 接受条款和条件并下载 zip 文件。 3. 使用 `unzip` 解压 zip 文件，得到 `full_dataset.csv` 文件。 ## 创建表 运行 clickhouse-client 并执行以下 CREATE 请求： ``` sql CREATE TABLE recipes ( title String, ingredients Array(String), directions Array(String), link String, source LowCardinality(String), NER Array(String) ) ENGINE = MergeTree ORDER BY title; ``` ## 插入数据 运行以下命令： ``` bash clickhouse-client --query " INSERT INTO recipes SELECT title, JSONExtract(ingredients, 'Array(String)'), JSONExtract(directions, 'Array(String)'), link, source, JSONExtract(NER, 'Array(String)') FROM input('num UInt32, title String, ingredients String, directions String, link String, source LowCardinality(String), NER String') FORMAT CSVWithNames " --input_format_with_names_use_header 0 --format_csv_allow_single_quote 0 --input_format_allow_errors_num 10 < full_dataset.csv ``` 这是一个展示如何解析自定义 CSV，这其中涉及了许多调整。 说明： - 数据集为 CSV 格式，但在插入时需要一些预处理；使用表函数 [input](../../sql-reference/table-functions/input.md) 进行预处理； - CSV 文件的结构在表函数 `input` 的参数中指定； - 字段 `num`（行号）是不需要的 - 可以忽略并从文件中进行解析； - 使用 `FORMAT CSVWithNames`，因为标题不包含第一个字段的名称，因此 CSV 中的标题将被忽略（通过命令行参数 `--input_format_with_names_use_header 0`）； - 文件仅使用双引号将 CSV 字符串括起来；一些字符串没有用双引号括起来，单引号也不能被解析为括起来的字符串 - 所以添加`--format_csv_allow_single_quote 0`参数接受文件中的单引号； - 由于某些 CSV 的字符串的开头包含 `\M/` 因此无法被解析； CSV 中唯一可能以反斜杠开头的值是 `\N`，这个值被解析为 SQL NULL。通过添加`--input_format_allow_errors_num 10`参数，允许在导入过程中跳过 10 个格式错误； - 在数据集中的 Ingredients、directions 和 NER 字段为数组；但这些数组并没有以一般形式表示：这些字段作为 JSON 序列化为字符串，然后放入 CSV 中 - 在导入是将它们解析为字符串，然后使用 [JSONExtract](../../sql-reference/functions/json-functions.md ) 函数将其转换为数组。 ## 验证插入的数据 通过检查行数： 请求： ``` sql SELECT count() FROM recipes; ``` 结果： ``` text ┌─count()─┐ │ 2231141 │ └─────────┘ ``` ## 示例查询 ### 按配方数量排列的顶级组件： 在此示例中，我们学习如何使用 [arrayJoin](../../sql-reference/functions/array-join.md) 函数将数组扩展为行的集合。 请求： ``` sql SELECT arrayJoin(NER) AS k, count() AS c FROM recipes GROUP BY k ORDER BY c DESC LIMIT 50 ``` 结果： ``` text ┌─k────────────────────┬──────c─┐ │ salt │ 890741 │ │ sugar │ 620027 │ │ butter │ 493823 │ │ flour │ 466110 │ │ eggs │ 401276 │ │ onion │ 372469 │ │ garlic │ 358364 │ │ milk │ 346769 │ │ water │ 326092 │ │ vanilla │ 270381 │ │ olive oil │ 197877 │ │ pepper │ 179305 │ │ brown sugar │ 174447 │ │ tomatoes │ 163933 │ │ egg │ 160507 │ │ baking powder │ 148277 │ │ lemon juice │ 146414 │ │ Salt │ 122557 │ │ cinnamon │ 117927 │ │ sour cream │ 116682 │ │ cream cheese │ 114423 │ │ margarine │ 112742 │ │ celery │ 112676 │ │ baking soda │ 110690 │ │ parsley │ 102151 │ │ chicken │ 101505 │ │ onions │ 98903 │ │ vegetable oil │ 91395 │ │ oil │ 85600 │ │ mayonnaise │ 84822 │ │ pecans │ 79741 │ │ nuts │ 78471 │ │ potatoes │ 75820 │ │ carrots │ 75458 │ │ pineapple │ 74345 │ │ soy sauce │ 70355 │ │ black pepper │ 69064 │ │ thyme │ 68429 │ │ mustard │ 65948 │ │ chicken broth │ 65112 │ │ bacon │ 64956 │ │ honey │ 64626 │ │ oregano │ 64077 │ │ ground beef │ 64068 │ │ unsalted butter │ 63848 │ │ mushrooms │ 61465 │ │ Worcestershire sauce │ 59328 │ │ cornstarch │ 58476 │ │ green pepper │ 58388 │ │ Cheddar cheese │ 58354 │ └──────────────────────┴────────┘ 50 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.112 sec. Processed 2.23 million rows, 361.57 MB (19.99 million rows/s., 3.24 GB/s.) ``` ### 最复杂的草莓食谱 ``` sql SELECT title, length(NER), length(directions) FROM recipes WHERE has(NER, 'strawberry') ORDER BY length(directions) DESC LIMIT 10 ``` 结果： ``` text ┌─title────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┬─length(NER)─┬─length(directions)─┐ │ Chocolate-Strawberry-Orange Wedding Cake │ 24 │ 126 │ │ Strawberry Cream Cheese Crumble Tart │ 19 │ 47 │ │ Charlotte-Style Ice Cream │ 11 │ 45 │ │ Sinfully Good a Million Layers Chocolate Layer Cake, With Strawb │ 31 │ 45 │ │ Sweetened Berries With Elderflower Sherbet │ 24 │ 44 │ │ Chocolate-Strawberry Mousse Cake │ 15 │ 42 │ │ Rhubarb Charlotte with Strawberries and Rum │ 20 │ 42 │ │ Chef Joey's Strawberry Vanilla Tart │ 7 │ 37 │ │ Old-Fashioned Ice Cream Sundae Cake │ 17 │ 37 │ │ Watermelon Cake │ 16 │ 36 │ └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┴─────────────┴────────────────────┘ 10 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.215 sec. Processed 2.23 million rows, 1.48 GB (10.35 million rows/s., 6.86 GB/s.) ``` 在此示例中，我们使用 [has](../../sql-reference/functions/array-functions.md#hasarr-elem) 函数来按过滤数组类型元素并按 directions 的数量进行排序。 有一个婚礼蛋糕需要整个126个步骤来制作！显示 directions： 请求： ``` sql SELECT arrayJoin(directions) FROM recipes WHERE title = 'Chocolate-Strawberry-Orange Wedding Cake' ``` 结果： ``` text ┌─arrayJoin(directions)───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │ Position 1 rack in center and 1 rack in bottom third of oven and preheat to 350F. │ │ Butter one 5-inch-diameter cake pan with 2-inch-high sides, one 8-inch-diameter cake pan with 2-inch-high sides and one 12-inch-diameter cake pan with 2-inch-high sides. │ │ Dust pans with flour; line bottoms with parchment. │ │ Combine 1/3 cup orange juice and 2 ounces unsweetened chocolate in heavy small saucepan. │ │ Stir mixture over medium-low heat until chocolate melts. │ │ Remove from heat. │ │ Gradually mix in 1 2/3 cups orange juice. │ │ Sift 3 cups flour, 2/3 cup cocoa, 2 teaspoons baking soda, 1 teaspoon salt and 1/2 teaspoon baking powder into medium bowl. │ │ using electric mixer, beat 1 cup (2 sticks) butter and 3 cups sugar in large bowl until blended (mixture will look grainy). │ │ Add 4 eggs, 1 at a time, beating to blend after each. │ │ Beat in 1 tablespoon orange peel and 1 tablespoon vanilla extract. │ │ Add dry ingredients alternately with orange juice mixture in 3 additions each, beating well after each addition. │ │ Mix in 1 cup chocolate chips. │ │ Transfer 1 cup plus 2 tablespoons batter to prepared 5-inch pan, 3 cups batter to prepared 8-inch pan and remaining batter (about 6 cups) to 12-inch pan. │ │ Place 5-inch and 8-inch pans on center rack of oven. │ │ Place 12-inch pan on lower rack of oven. │ │ Bake cakes until tester inserted into center comes out clean, about 35 minutes. │ │ Transfer cakes in pans to racks and cool completely. │ │ Mark 4-inch diameter circle on one 6-inch-diameter cardboard cake round. │ │ Cut out marked circle. │ │ Mark 7-inch-diameter circle on one 8-inch-diameter cardboard cake round. │ │ Cut out marked circle. │ │ Mark 11-inch-diameter circle on one 12-inch-diameter cardboard cake round. │ │ Cut out marked circle. │ │ Cut around sides of 5-inch-cake to loosen. │ │ Place 4-inch cardboard over pan. │ │ Hold cardboard and pan together; turn cake out onto cardboard. │ │ Peel off parchment.Wrap cakes on its cardboard in foil. │ │ Repeat turning out, peeling off parchment and wrapping cakes in foil, using 7-inch cardboard for 8-inch cake and 11-inch cardboard for 12-inch cake. │ │ Using remaining ingredients, make 1 more batch of cake batter and bake 3 more cake layers as described above. │ │ Cool cakes in pans. │ │ Cover cakes in pans tightly with foil. │ │ (Can be prepared ahead. │ │ Let stand at room temperature up to 1 day or double-wrap all cake layers and freeze up to 1 week. │ │ Bring cake layers to room temperature before using.) │ │ Place first 12-inch cake on its cardboard on work surface. │ │ Spread 2 3/4 cups ganache over top of cake and all the way to edge. │ │ Spread 2/3 cup jam over ganache, leaving 1/2-inch chocolate border at edge. │ │ Drop 1 3/4 cups white chocolate frosting by spoonfuls over jam. │ │ Gently spread frosting over jam, leaving 1/2-inch chocolate border at edge. │ │ Rub some cocoa powder over second 12-inch cardboard. │ │ Cut around sides of second 12-inch cake to loosen. │ │ Place cardboard, cocoa side down, over pan. │ │ Turn cake out onto cardboard. │ │ Peel off parchment. │ │ Carefully slide cake off cardboard and onto filling on first 12-inch cake. │ │ Refrigerate. │ │ Place first 8-inch cake on its cardboard on work surface. │ │ Spread 1 cup ganache over top all the way to edge. │ │ Spread 1/4 cup jam over, leaving 1/2-inch chocolate border at edge. │ │ Drop 1 cup white chocolate frosting by spoonfuls over jam. │ │ Gently spread frosting over jam, leaving 1/2-inch chocolate border at edge. │ │ Rub some cocoa over second 8-inch cardboard. │ │ Cut around sides of second 8-inch cake to loosen. │ │ Place cardboard, cocoa side down, over pan. │ │ Turn cake out onto cardboard. │ │ Peel off parchment. │ │ Slide cake off cardboard and onto filling on first 8-inch cake. │ │ Refrigerate. │ │ Place first 5-inch cake on its cardboard on work surface. │ │ Spread 1/2 cup ganache over top of cake and all the way to edge. │ │ Spread 2 tablespoons jam over, leaving 1/2-inch chocolate border at edge. │ │ Drop 1/3 cup white chocolate frosting by spoonfuls over jam. │ │ Gently spread frosting over jam, leaving 1/2-inch chocolate border at edge. │ │ Rub cocoa over second 6-inch cardboard. │ │ Cut around sides of second 5-inch cake to loosen. │ │ Place cardboard, cocoa side down, over pan. │ │ Turn cake out onto cardboard. │ │ Peel off parchment. │ │ Slide cake off cardboard and onto filling on first 5-inch cake. │ │ Chill all cakes 1 hour to set filling. │ │ Place 12-inch tiered cake on its cardboard on revolving cake stand. │ │ Spread 2 2/3 cups frosting over top and sides of cake as a first coat. │ │ Refrigerate cake. │ │ Place 8-inch tiered cake on its cardboard on cake stand. │ │ Spread 1 1/4 cups frosting over top and sides of cake as a first coat. │ │ Refrigerate cake. │ │ Place 5-inch tiered cake on its cardboard on cake stand. │ │ Spread 3/4 cup frosting over top and sides of cake as a first coat. │ │ Refrigerate all cakes until first coats of frosting set, about 1 hour. │ │ (Cakes can be made to this point up to 1 day ahead; cover and keep refrigerate.) │ │ Prepare second batch of frosting, using remaining frosting ingredients and following directions for first batch. │ │ Spoon 2 cups frosting into pastry bag fitted with small star tip. │ │ Place 12-inch cake on its cardboard on large flat platter. │ │ Place platter on cake stand. │ │ Using icing spatula, spread 2 1/2 cups frosting over top and sides of cake; smooth top. │ │ Using filled pastry bag, pipe decorative border around top edge of cake. │ │ Refrigerate cake on platter. │ │ Place 8-inch cake on its cardboard on cake stand. │ │ Using icing spatula, spread 1 1/2 cups frosting over top and sides of cake; smooth top. │ │ Using pastry bag, pipe decorative border around top edge of cake. │ │ Refrigerate cake on its cardboard. │ │ Place 5-inch cake on its cardboard on cake stand. │ │ Using icing spatula, spread 3/4 cup frosting over top and sides of cake; smooth top. │ │ Using pastry bag, pipe decorative border around top edge of cake, spooning more frosting into bag if necessary. │ │ Refrigerate cake on its cardboard. │ │ Keep all cakes refrigerated until frosting sets, about 2 hours. │ │ (Can be prepared 2 days ahead. │ │ Cover loosely; keep refrigerated.) │ │ Place 12-inch cake on platter on work surface. │ │ Press 1 wooden dowel straight down into and completely through center of cake. │ │ Mark dowel 1/4 inch above top of frosting. │ │ Remove dowel and cut with serrated knife at marked point. │ │ Cut 4 more dowels to same length. │ │ Press 1 cut dowel back into center of cake. │ │ Press remaining 4 cut dowels into cake, positioning 3 1/2 inches inward from cake edges and spacing evenly. │ │ Place 8-inch cake on its cardboard on work surface. │ │ Press 1 dowel straight down into and completely through center of cake. │ │ Mark dowel 1/4 inch above top of frosting. │ │ Remove dowel and cut with serrated knife at marked point. │ │ Cut 3 more dowels to same length. │ │ Press 1 cut dowel back into center of cake. │ │ Press remaining 3 cut dowels into cake, positioning 2 1/2 inches inward from edges and spacing evenly. │ │ Using large metal spatula as aid, place 8-inch cake on its cardboard atop dowels in 12-inch cake, centering carefully. │ │ Gently place 5-inch cake on its cardboard atop dowels in 8-inch cake, centering carefully. │ │ Using citrus stripper, cut long strips of orange peel from oranges. │ │ Cut strips into long segments. │ │ To make orange peel coils, wrap peel segment around handle of wooden spoon; gently slide peel off handle so that peel keeps coiled shape. │ │ Garnish cake with orange peel coils, ivy or mint sprigs, and some berries. │ │ (Assembled cake can be made up to 8 hours ahead. │ │ Let stand at cool room temperature.) │ │ Remove top and middle cake tiers. │ │ Remove dowels from cakes. │ │ Cut top and middle cakes into slices. │ │ To cut 12-inch cake: Starting 3 inches inward from edge and inserting knife straight down, cut through from top to bottom to make 6-inch-diameter circle in center of cake. │ │ Cut outer portion of cake into slices; cut inner portion into slices and serve with strawberries. │ └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ 126 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.011 sec. Processed 8.19 thousand rows, 5.34 MB (737.75 thousand rows/s., 480.59 MB/s.) ``` ### 在线 Playground 此数据集也可在 [在线 Playground](https://sql.clickhouse.com?query_id=HQXNQZE26Z1QWYP9KC76ML) 中体验。 [原文链接](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/getting-started/example-datasets/recipes/)