--- toc_priority: 34 toc_title: JDBC表引擎 --- # JDBC {#table-engine-jdbc} 允许CH通过 [JDBC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Database_Connectivity) 连接到外部数据库。 要实现JDBC连接,CH需要使用以后台进程运行的程序 [clickhouse-jdbc-bridge](https://github.com/ClickHouse/clickhouse-jdbc-bridge)。 该引擎支持 [Nullable](../../../sql-reference/data-types/nullable.md) 数据类型。 ## 建表 {#creating-a-table} ``` sql CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] [db.]table_name ( columns list... ) ENGINE = JDBC(datasource_uri, external_database, external_table) ``` **引擎参数** - `datasource_uri` — 外部DBMS的URI或名字. URI格式: `jdbc:://:/?user=&password=`. MySQL示例: `jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/?user=root&password=root`. - `external_database` — 外部DBMS的数据库名. - `external_table` — `external_database`中的外部表名或类似`select * from table1 where column1=1`的查询语句. ## 用法示例 {#usage-example} 通过mysql控制台客户端来创建表 Creating a table in MySQL server by connecting directly with it’s console client: ``` text mysql> CREATE TABLE `test`.`test` ( -> `int_id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, -> `int_nullable` INT NULL DEFAULT NULL, -> `float` FLOAT NOT NULL, -> `float_nullable` FLOAT NULL DEFAULT NULL, -> PRIMARY KEY (`int_id`)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,09 sec) mysql> insert into test (`int_id`, `float`) VALUES (1,2); Query OK, 1 row affected (0,00 sec) mysql> select * from test; +------+----------+-----+----------+ | int_id | int_nullable | float | float_nullable | +------+----------+-----+----------+ | 1 | NULL | 2 | NULL | +------+----------+-----+----------+ 1 row in set (0,00 sec) ``` 在CH服务端创建表,并从中查询数据: ``` sql CREATE TABLE jdbc_table ( `int_id` Int32, `int_nullable` Nullable(Int32), `float` Float32, `float_nullable` Nullable(Float32) ) ENGINE JDBC('jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/?user=root&password=root', 'test', 'test') ``` ``` sql SELECT * FROM jdbc_table ``` ``` text ┌─int_id─┬─int_nullable─┬─float─┬─float_nullable─┐ │ 1 │ ᴺᵁᴸᴸ │ 2 │ ᴺᵁᴸᴸ │ └────────┴──────────────┴───────┴────────────────┘ ``` ``` sql INSERT INTO jdbc_table(`int_id`, `float`) SELECT toInt32(number), toFloat32(number * 1.0) FROM system.numbers ``` ## 参见 {#see-also} - [JDBC表函数](../../../sql-reference/table-functions/jdbc.md). [原始文档](https://clickhouse.tech/docs/en/operations/table_engines/jdbc/)