mirror of
https://github.com/ClickHouse/ClickHouse.git
synced 2024-12-11 08:52:06 +00:00
290 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
290 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
---
|
||
slug: /zh/getting-started/install
|
||
sidebar_position: 11
|
||
sidebar_label: 安装部署
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
# 安装 {#clickhouse-an-zhuang}
|
||
|
||
## 系统要求 {#xi-tong-yao-qiu}
|
||
|
||
ClickHouse可以在任何具有x86_64，AArch64或PowerPC64LE CPU架构的Linux，FreeBSD或Mac OS X上运行。
|
||
|
||
官方预构建的二进制文件通常针对x86_64进行编译，并利用`SSE 4.2`指令集，因此，除非另有说明，支持它的CPU使用将成为额外的系统需求。下面是检查当前CPU是否支持SSE 4.2的命令:
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
$ grep -q sse4_2 /proc/cpuinfo && echo "SSE 4.2 supported" || echo "SSE 4.2 not supported"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
要在不支持`SSE 4.2`或`AArch64`，`PowerPC64LE`架构的处理器上运行ClickHouse，您应该通过适当的配置调整从[源代码构建ClickHouse](#from-sources)。
|
||
|
||
## 可用安装包 {#install-from-deb-packages}
|
||
|
||
### `DEB`安装包
|
||
|
||
建议使用Debian或Ubuntu的官方预编译`deb`软件包。运行以下命令来安装包:
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates dirmngr
|
||
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 8919F6BD2B48D754
|
||
|
||
echo "deb https://packages.clickhouse.com/deb stable main" | sudo tee \
|
||
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/clickhouse.list
|
||
sudo apt-get update
|
||
|
||
sudo apt-get install -y clickhouse-server clickhouse-client
|
||
|
||
sudo service clickhouse-server start
|
||
clickhouse-client # or "clickhouse-client --password" if you've set up a password.
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
<details markdown="1">
|
||
|
||
<summary>Deprecated Method for installing deb-packages</summary>
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates dirmngr
|
||
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv E0C56BD4
|
||
|
||
echo "deb https://repo.clickhouse.com/deb/stable/ main/" | sudo tee \
|
||
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/clickhouse.list
|
||
sudo apt-get update
|
||
|
||
sudo apt-get install -y clickhouse-server clickhouse-client
|
||
|
||
sudo service clickhouse-server start
|
||
clickhouse-client # or "clickhouse-client --password" if you set up a password.
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
</details>
|
||
|
||
如果您想使用最新的版本，请用`testing`替代`stable`(我们只推荐您用于测试环境)。
|
||
|
||
你也可以从这里手动下载安装包：[下载](https://packages.clickhouse.com/deb/pool/stable)。
|
||
|
||
安装包列表：
|
||
|
||
- `clickhouse-common-static` — ClickHouse编译的二进制文件。
|
||
- `clickhouse-server` — 创建`clickhouse-server`软连接，并安装默认配置服务
|
||
- `clickhouse-client` — 创建`clickhouse-client`客户端工具软连接，并安装客户端配置文件。
|
||
- `clickhouse-common-static-dbg` — 带有调试信息的ClickHouse二进制文件。
|
||
|
||
### `RPM`安装包 {#from-rpm-packages}
|
||
|
||
推荐使用CentOS、RedHat和所有其他基于rpm的Linux发行版的官方预编译`rpm`包。
|
||
|
||
首先，您需要添加官方存储库：
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
sudo yum install -y yum-utils
|
||
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://packages.clickhouse.com/rpm/clickhouse.repo
|
||
sudo yum install -y clickhouse-server clickhouse-client
|
||
|
||
sudo /etc/init.d/clickhouse-server start
|
||
clickhouse-client # or "clickhouse-client --password" if you set up a password.
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
For systems with `zypper` package manager (openSUSE, SLES):
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
sudo zypper addrepo -r https://packages.clickhouse.com/rpm/clickhouse.repo -g
|
||
sudo zypper --gpg-auto-import-keys refresh clickhouse-stable
|
||
sudo zypper install -y clickhouse-server clickhouse-client
|
||
|
||
sudo /etc/init.d/clickhouse-server start
|
||
clickhouse-client # or "clickhouse-client --password" if you set up a password.
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
<details markdown="1">
|
||
|
||
<summary>Deprecated Method for installing rpm-packages</summary>
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
sudo yum install yum-utils
|
||
sudo rpm --import https://repo.clickhouse.com/CLICKHOUSE-KEY.GPG
|
||
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://repo.clickhouse.com/rpm/clickhouse.repo
|
||
sudo yum install clickhouse-server clickhouse-client
|
||
|
||
sudo /etc/init.d/clickhouse-server start
|
||
clickhouse-client # or "clickhouse-client --password" if you set up a password.
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
</details>
|
||
|
||
如果您想使用最新的版本，请用`testing`替代`stable`(我们只推荐您用于测试环境)。`prestable`有时也可用。
|
||
|
||
然后运行命令安装：
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
sudo yum install clickhouse-server clickhouse-client
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
你也可以从这里手动下载安装包：[下载](https://packages.clickhouse.com/rpm/stable)。
|
||
|
||
### `Tgz`安装包 {#from-tgz-archives}
|
||
|
||
如果您的操作系统不支持安装`deb`或`rpm`包，建议使用官方预编译的`tgz`软件包。
|
||
|
||
所需的版本可以通过`curl`或`wget`从存储库`https://packages.clickhouse.com/tgz/`下载。
|
||
|
||
下载后解压缩下载资源文件并使用安装脚本进行安装。以下是一个最新稳定版本的安装示例:
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
LATEST_VERSION=$(curl -s https://packages.clickhouse.com/tgz/stable/ | \
|
||
grep -Eo '[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' | sort -V -r | head -n 1)
|
||
export LATEST_VERSION
|
||
|
||
case $(uname -m) in
|
||
x86_64) ARCH=amd64 ;;
|
||
aarch64) ARCH=arm64 ;;
|
||
*) echo "Unknown architecture $(uname -m)"; exit 1 ;;
|
||
esac
|
||
|
||
for PKG in clickhouse-common-static clickhouse-common-static-dbg clickhouse-server clickhouse-client
|
||
do
|
||
curl -fO "https://packages.clickhouse.com/tgz/stable/$PKG-$LATEST_VERSION-${ARCH}.tgz" \
|
||
|| curl -fO "https://packages.clickhouse.com/tgz/stable/$PKG-$LATEST_VERSION.tgz"
|
||
done
|
||
|
||
tar -xzvf "clickhouse-common-static-$LATEST_VERSION-${ARCH}.tgz" \
|
||
|| tar -xzvf "clickhouse-common-static-$LATEST_VERSION.tgz"
|
||
sudo "clickhouse-common-static-$LATEST_VERSION/install/doinst.sh"
|
||
|
||
tar -xzvf "clickhouse-common-static-dbg-$LATEST_VERSION-${ARCH}.tgz" \
|
||
|| tar -xzvf "clickhouse-common-static-dbg-$LATEST_VERSION.tgz"
|
||
sudo "clickhouse-common-static-dbg-$LATEST_VERSION/install/doinst.sh"
|
||
|
||
tar -xzvf "clickhouse-server-$LATEST_VERSION-${ARCH}.tgz" \
|
||
|| tar -xzvf "clickhouse-server-$LATEST_VERSION.tgz"
|
||
sudo "clickhouse-server-$LATEST_VERSION/install/doinst.sh" configure
|
||
sudo /etc/init.d/clickhouse-server start
|
||
|
||
tar -xzvf "clickhouse-client-$LATEST_VERSION-${ARCH}.tgz" \
|
||
|| tar -xzvf "clickhouse-client-$LATEST_VERSION.tgz"
|
||
sudo "clickhouse-client-$LATEST_VERSION/install/doinst.sh"
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
<details markdown="1">
|
||
|
||
<summary>Deprecated Method for installing tgz archives</summary>
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
export LATEST_VERSION=$(curl -s https://repo.clickhouse.com/tgz/stable/ | \
|
||
grep -Eo '[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' | sort -V -r | head -n 1)
|
||
curl -O https://repo.clickhouse.com/tgz/stable/clickhouse-common-static-$LATEST_VERSION.tgz
|
||
curl -O https://repo.clickhouse.com/tgz/stable/clickhouse-common-static-dbg-$LATEST_VERSION.tgz
|
||
curl -O https://repo.clickhouse.com/tgz/stable/clickhouse-server-$LATEST_VERSION.tgz
|
||
curl -O https://repo.clickhouse.com/tgz/stable/clickhouse-client-$LATEST_VERSION.tgz
|
||
|
||
tar -xzvf clickhouse-common-static-$LATEST_VERSION.tgz
|
||
sudo clickhouse-common-static-$LATEST_VERSION/install/doinst.sh
|
||
|
||
tar -xzvf clickhouse-common-static-dbg-$LATEST_VERSION.tgz
|
||
sudo clickhouse-common-static-dbg-$LATEST_VERSION/install/doinst.sh
|
||
|
||
tar -xzvf clickhouse-server-$LATEST_VERSION.tgz
|
||
sudo clickhouse-server-$LATEST_VERSION/install/doinst.sh
|
||
sudo /etc/init.d/clickhouse-server start
|
||
|
||
tar -xzvf clickhouse-client-$LATEST_VERSION.tgz
|
||
sudo clickhouse-client-$LATEST_VERSION/install/doinst.sh
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
</details>
|
||
|
||
对于生产环境，建议使用最新的`stable`版本。你可以在GitHub页面https://github.com/ClickHouse/ClickHouse/tags找到它，它以后缀`-stable`标志。
|
||
|
||
### `Docker`安装包 {#from-docker-image}
|
||
|
||
要在Docker中运行ClickHouse，请遵循[Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/r/clickhouse/clickhouse-server/)上的指南。它是官方的`deb`安装包。
|
||
|
||
### 其他环境安装包 {#from-other}
|
||
|
||
对于非linux操作系统和Arch64 CPU架构，ClickHouse将会以`master`分支的最新提交的进行编译提供(它将会有几小时的延迟)。
|
||
|
||
- [macOS](https://builds.clickhouse.com/master/macos/clickhouse) — `curl -O 'https://builds.clickhouse.com/master/macos/clickhouse' && chmod a+x ./clickhouse`
|
||
- [FreeBSD](https://builds.clickhouse.com/master/freebsd/clickhouse) — `curl -O 'https://builds.clickhouse.com/master/freebsd/clickhouse' && chmod a+x ./clickhouse`
|
||
- [AArch64](https://builds.clickhouse.com/master/aarch64/clickhouse) — `curl -O 'https://builds.clickhouse.com/master/aarch64/clickhouse' && chmod a+x ./clickhouse`
|
||
|
||
下载后，您可以使用`clickhouse client`连接服务，或者使用`clickhouse local`模式处理数据，不过您必须要额外在GitHub下载[server](https://github.com/ClickHouse/ClickHouse/blob/master/programs/server/config.xml)和[users](https://github.com/ClickHouse/ClickHouse/blob/master/programs/server/users.xml)配置文件。
|
||
|
||
不建议在生产环境中使用这些构建版本，因为它们没有经过充分的测试，但是您可以自行承担这样做的风险。它们只是ClickHouse功能的一个部分。
|
||
|
||
### 使用源码安装 {#from-sources}
|
||
|
||
要手动编译ClickHouse, 请遵循[Linux](../development/build.md)或[Mac OS X](../development/build-osx.md)说明。
|
||
|
||
您可以编译并安装它们，也可以使用不安装包的程序。通过手动构建，您可以禁用`SSE 4.2`或`AArch64 cpu`。
|
||
|
||
Client: programs/clickhouse-client
|
||
Server: programs/clickhouse-server
|
||
|
||
您需要创建一个数据和元数据文件夹，并为所需的用户`chown`授权。它们的路径可以在服务器配置(`src/programs/server/config.xml`)中改变，默认情况下它们是:
|
||
|
||
/opt/clickhouse/data/default/
|
||
/opt/clickhouse/metadata/default/
|
||
|
||
在Gentoo上，你可以使用`emerge clickhouse`从源代码安装ClickHouse。
|
||
|
||
## 启动 {#qi-dong}
|
||
|
||
如果没有`service`，可以运行如下命令在后台启动服务：
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
$ sudo /etc/init.d/clickhouse-server start
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
日志文件将输出在`/var/log/clickhouse-server/`文件夹。
|
||
|
||
如果服务器没有启动，检查`/etc/clickhouse-server/config.xml`中的配置。
|
||
|
||
您也可以手动从控制台启动服务器:
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
$ clickhouse-server --config-file=/etc/clickhouse-server/config.xml
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
在这种情况下，日志将被打印到控制台，这在开发过程中很方便。
|
||
|
||
如果配置文件在当前目录中，则不需要指定`——config-file`参数。默认情况下，它的路径为`./config.xml`。
|
||
|
||
ClickHouse支持访问限制设置。它们位于`users.xml`文件(与`config.xml`同级目录)。
|
||
默认情况下，允许`default`用户从任何地方访问，不需要密码。可查看`user/default/networks`。
|
||
更多信息，请参见[Configuration Files](../operations/configuration-files.md)。
|
||
|
||
启动服务后，您可以使用命令行客户端连接到它:
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
$ clickhouse-client
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
默认情况下，使用`default`用户并不携带密码连接到`localhost:9000`。还可以使用`--host`参数连接到指定服务器。
|
||
|
||
终端必须使用UTF-8编码。
|
||
更多信息，请参阅[Command-line client](../interfaces/cli.md)。
|
||
|
||
示例：
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
$ ./clickhouse-client
|
||
ClickHouse client version 0.0.18749.
|
||
Connecting to localhost:9000.
|
||
Connected to ClickHouse server version 0.0.18749.
|
||
|
||
:) SELECT 1
|
||
|
||
SELECT 1
|
||
|
||
┌─1─┐
|
||
│ 1 │
|
||
└───┘
|
||
|
||
1 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.003 sec.
|
||
|
||
:)
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**恭喜，系统已经工作了!**
|
||
|
||
为了继续进行实验，你可以尝试下载测试数据集或查看[教程](./tutorial.md)。
|