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* split up select.md * array-join.md basic refactoring * distinct.md basic refactoring * format.md basic refactoring * from.md basic refactoring * group-by.md basic refactoring * having.md basic refactoring * additional index.md refactoring * into-outfile.md basic refactoring * join.md basic refactoring * limit.md basic refactoring * limit-by.md basic refactoring * order-by.md basic refactoring * prewhere.md basic refactoring * adjust operators/index.md links * adjust sample.md links * adjust more links * adjust operatots links * fix some links * adjust aggregate function article titles * basic refactor of remaining select clauses * absolute paths in make_links.sh * run make_links.sh * remove old select.md locations * translate docs/es * translate docs/fr * translate docs/fa * remove old operators.md location * change operators.md links * adjust links in docs/es * adjust links in docs/es * minor texts adjustments * wip * update machine translations to use new links * fix changelog * es build fixes * get rid of some select.md links * temporary adjust ru links * temporary adjust more ru links * improve curly brace handling * adjust ru as well * fa build fix * ru link fixes * zh link fixes * temporary disable part of anchor checks
48 lines
1.8 KiB
Markdown
48 lines
1.8 KiB
Markdown
---
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machine_translated: true
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machine_translated_rev: 72537a2d527c63c07aa5d2361a8829f3895cf2bd
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toc_priority: 46
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toc_title: "\u8F93\u5165"
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---
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# 输入 {#input}
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`input(structure)` -表功能，允许有效地转换和插入数据发送到
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服务器与给定结构的表与另一种结构。
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`structure` -以下格式发送到服务器的数据结构 `'column1_name column1_type, column2_name column2_type, ...'`.
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例如, `'id UInt32, name String'`.
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此功能只能用于 `INSERT SELECT` 查询，只有一次，但其他行为像普通表函数
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（例如，它可以用于子查询等。).
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数据可以以任何方式像普通发送 `INSERT` 查询并传递任何可用 [格式](../../interfaces/formats.md#formats)
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必须在查询结束时指定（不像普通 `INSERT SELECT`).
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这个功能的主要特点是，当服务器从客户端接收数据时，它同时将其转换
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根据表达式中的列表 `SELECT` 子句并插入到目标表中。 临时表
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不创建所有传输的数据。
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**例**
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- 让 `test` 表具有以下结构 `(a String, b String)`
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和数据 `data.csv` 具有不同的结构 `(col1 String, col2 Date, col3 Int32)`. 查询插入
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从数据 `data.csv` 进 `test` 同时转换的表如下所示:
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<!-- -->
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``` bash
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$ cat data.csv | clickhouse-client --query="INSERT INTO test SELECT lower(col1), col3 * col3 FROM input('col1 String, col2 Date, col3 Int32') FORMAT CSV";
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```
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- 如果 `data.csv` 包含相同结构的数据 `test_structure` 作为表 `test` 那么这两个查询是相等的:
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<!-- -->
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``` bash
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$ cat data.csv | clickhouse-client --query="INSERT INTO test FORMAT CSV"
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$ cat data.csv | clickhouse-client --query="INSERT INTO test SELECT * FROM input('test_structure') FORMAT CSV"
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```
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[原始文章](https://clickhouse.tech/docs/en/query_language/table_functions/input/) <!--hide-->
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