ClickHouse/docs/zh/data_types/tuple.md
Ivan Blinkov 16ca492938
WIP on docs (#3813)
* CLICKHOUSE-4063: less manual html @ index.md

* CLICKHOUSE-4063: recommend markdown="1" in README.md

* CLICKHOUSE-4003: manually purge custom.css for now

* CLICKHOUSE-4064: expand <details> before any print (including to pdf)

* CLICKHOUSE-3927: rearrange interfaces/formats.md a bit

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* Remove copy-paste introduced in #3392

* Hopefully better chinese fonts #3392

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* find . -name '*.md' -type f | xargs -I{} perl -pi -e 's//g' {}

* find . -name '*.md' -type f | xargs -I{} perl -pi -e 's/ sql/g' {}

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* minor changes

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* Translate DBeaver section to zh

* Split third-party GUI to open-source and commercial

* Mention some RDBMS integrations + ad-hoc translation fixes

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* Apply suggestions by @sundy-li

* Mobile version of front page improvements

* test

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* Update LICENSE

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* Introduce backup.md (only "en" for now)

* Mention INSERT+SELECT in backup.md

* Some improvements for replication.md

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2018-12-12 20:28:00 +03:00

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# Tuple(T1, T2, ...)
元组,其中每个元素都有单独的 [类型](index.md#data_types)。
不能在表中存储元组除了内存表。它们可以用于临时列分组。在查询中IN 表达式和带特定参数的 lambda 函数可以来对临时列进行分组。更多信息,请参阅 [IN 操作符](../query_language/select.md) and [Higher order functions](../query_language/functions/higher_order_functions.md#higher_order_functions)。
元组可以是查询的结果。在这种情况下对于JSON以外的文本格式括号中的值是逗号分隔的。在JSON格式中元组作为数组输出在方括号中
## 创建元组
可以使用函数来创建元组:
```
tuple(T1, T2, ...)
```
创建元组的示例:
```
:) SELECT tuple(1,'a') AS x, toTypeName(x)
SELECT
(1, 'a') AS x,
toTypeName(x)
┌─x───────┬─toTypeName(tuple(1, 'a'))─┐
│ (1,'a') │ Tuple(UInt8, String) │
└─────────┴───────────────────────────┘
1 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.021 sec.
```
## 元组中的数据类型
在动态创建元组时ClickHouse 会自动为元组的每一个参数赋予最小可表达的类型。如果参数为 [NULL](../query_language/syntax.md#null-literal),那这个元组对应元素是 [Nullable](nullable.md)。
自动数据类型检测示例:
```
SELECT tuple(1, NULL) AS x, toTypeName(x)
SELECT
(1, NULL) AS x,
toTypeName(x)
┌─x────────┬─toTypeName(tuple(1, NULL))──────┐
│ (1,NULL) │ Tuple(UInt8, Nullable(Nothing)) │
└──────────┴─────────────────────────────────┘
1 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.002 sec.
```