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* split up select.md * array-join.md basic refactoring * distinct.md basic refactoring * format.md basic refactoring * from.md basic refactoring * group-by.md basic refactoring * having.md basic refactoring * additional index.md refactoring * into-outfile.md basic refactoring * join.md basic refactoring * limit.md basic refactoring * limit-by.md basic refactoring * order-by.md basic refactoring * prewhere.md basic refactoring * adjust operators/index.md links * adjust sample.md links * adjust more links * adjust operatots links * fix some links * adjust aggregate function article titles * basic refactor of remaining select clauses * absolute paths in make_links.sh * run make_links.sh * remove old select.md locations * translate docs/es * translate docs/fr * translate docs/fa * remove old operators.md location * change operators.md links * adjust links in docs/es * adjust links in docs/es * minor texts adjustments * wip * update machine translations to use new links * fix changelog * es build fixes * get rid of some select.md links * temporary adjust ru links * temporary adjust more ru links * improve curly brace handling * adjust ru as well * fa build fix * ru link fixes * zh link fixes * temporary disable part of anchor checks
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CON Cláusula
Esta sección proporciona soporte para expresiones de tabla común (CTE), por lo que los resultados de WITH
cláusula se puede utilizar en el interior SELECT
clausula.
Limitacion
- No se admiten consultas recursivas.
- Cuando se usa subconsulta dentro de la sección WITH , su resultado debe ser escalar con exactamente una fila.
- Los resultados de la expresión no están disponibles en las subconsultas.
Ejemplos
Ejemplo 1: Usando expresión constante como “variable”
WITH '2019-08-01 15:23:00' as ts_upper_bound
SELECT *
FROM hits
WHERE
EventDate = toDate(ts_upper_bound) AND
EventTime <= ts_upper_bound
Ejemplo 2: Evictar el resultado de la expresión de sum (bytes) de la lista de columnas de la cláusula SELECT
WITH sum(bytes) as s
SELECT
formatReadableSize(s),
table
FROM system.parts
GROUP BY table
ORDER BY s
Ejemplo 3: Uso de los resultados de la subconsulta escalar
/* this example would return TOP 10 of most huge tables */
WITH
(
SELECT sum(bytes)
FROM system.parts
WHERE active
) AS total_disk_usage
SELECT
(sum(bytes) / total_disk_usage) * 100 AS table_disk_usage,
table
FROM system.parts
GROUP BY table
ORDER BY table_disk_usage DESC
LIMIT 10
Ejemplo 4: Reutilización de la expresión en subconsulta
Como solución alternativa para la limitación actual para el uso de expresiones en subconsultas, puede duplicarla.
WITH ['hello'] AS hello
SELECT
hello,
*
FROM
(
WITH ['hello'] AS hello
SELECT hello
)
┌─hello─────┬─hello─────┐
│ ['hello'] │ ['hello'] │
└───────────┴───────────┘