ClickHouse/docs/zh/sql-reference/dictionaries/index.md

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---
slug: /zh/sql-reference/dictionaries/
sidebar_position: 35
sidebar_label: 字典
---
# 字典 {#dictionaries}
字典是一个映射 (`键 -> 属性`, 是方便各种类型的参考清单。
ClickHouse支持一些特殊函数配合字典在查询中使用。 将字典与函数结合使用比将 `JOIN` 操作与引用表结合使用更简单、更有效。
[NULL](../../sql-reference/syntax.md#null-literal) 值不能存储在字典中。
ClickHouse支持:
- [内置字典](internal-dicts.md#internal_dicts) ,这些字典具有特定的 [函数集](../../sql-reference/functions/ym-dict-functions.md).
- [插件(外部)字典](external-dictionaries/external-dicts.md#dicts-external-dicts) ,这些字典拥有一个 [函数集](../../sql-reference/functions/ext-dict-functions.md).