ClickHouse/docs/en/sql-reference/table-functions/hdfs.md
2023-09-21 00:16:17 +02:00

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hdfs

Creates a table from files in HDFS. This table function is similar to url and file ones.

hdfs(URI, format, structure)

Input parameters

  • URI — The relative URI to the file in HDFS. Path to file support following globs in readonly mode: *, ?, {abc,def} and {N..M} where N, M — numbers, `'abc', 'def' — strings.
  • format — The format of the file.
  • structure — Structure of the table. Format 'column1_name column1_type, column2_name column2_type, ...'.

Returned value

A table with the specified structure for reading or writing data in the specified file.

Example

Table from hdfs://hdfs1:9000/test and selection of the first two rows from it:

SELECT *
FROM hdfs('hdfs://hdfs1:9000/test', 'TSV', 'column1 UInt32, column2 UInt32, column3 UInt32')
LIMIT 2
┌─column1─┬─column2─┬─column3─┐
│       1 │       2 │       3 │
│       3 │       2 │       1 │
└─────────┴─────────┴─────────┘

Globs in path

Multiple path components can have globs. For being processed file should exists and matches to the whole path pattern (not only suffix or prefix).

  • * — Substitutes any number of any characters except / including empty string.
  • ? — Substitutes any single character.
  • {some_string,another_string,yet_another_one} — Substitutes any of strings 'some_string', 'another_string', 'yet_another_one'. The strings can contain the / symbol.
  • {N..M} — Substitutes any number in range from N to M including both borders.

Constructions with {} are similar to the remote) table function.

Example

  1. Suppose that we have several files with following URIs on HDFS:
  • hdfs://hdfs1:9000/some_dir/some_file_1
  • hdfs://hdfs1:9000/some_dir/some_file_2
  • hdfs://hdfs1:9000/some_dir/some_file_3
  • hdfs://hdfs1:9000/another_dir/some_file_1
  • hdfs://hdfs1:9000/another_dir/some_file_2
  • hdfs://hdfs1:9000/another_dir/some_file_3
  1. Query the amount of rows in these files:
SELECT count(*)
FROM hdfs('hdfs://hdfs1:9000/{some,another}_dir/some_file_{1..3}', 'TSV', 'name String, value UInt32')
  1. Query the amount of rows in all files of these two directories:
SELECT count(*)
FROM hdfs('hdfs://hdfs1:9000/{some,another}_dir/*', 'TSV', 'name String, value UInt32')

:::note If your listing of files contains number ranges with leading zeros, use the construction with braces for each digit separately or use ?. :::

Example

Query the data from files named file000, file001, … , file999:

SELECT count(*)
FROM hdfs('hdfs://hdfs1:9000/big_dir/file{0..9}{0..9}{0..9}', 'CSV', 'name String, value UInt32')

Virtual Columns

  • _path — Path to the file.
  • _file — Name of the file.

Storage Settings

See Also