ClickHouse/docs/zh/sql-reference/dictionaries/external-dictionaries/external-dicts-dict-hierarchical.md
Ivan Blinkov cd14f9ebcb
SQL reference refactoring (#10857)
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# 分层字典 {#hierarchical-dictionaries}
ClickHouse支持分层字典与 [数字键](external-dicts-dict-structure.md#ext_dict-numeric-key).
看看下面的层次结构:
``` text
0 (Common parent)
├── 1 (Russia)
│ │
│ └── 2 (Moscow)
│ │
│ └── 3 (Center)
└── 4 (Great Britain)
└── 5 (London)
```
这种层次结构可以表示为下面的字典表。
| region\_id | parent\_region | region\_name |
|------------|----------------|--------------|
| 1 | 0 | 俄罗斯 |
| 2 | 1 | 莫斯科 |
| 3 | 2 | 中心 |
| 4 | 0 | 英国 |
| 5 | 4 | 伦敦 |
此表包含一列 `parent_region` 包含该元素的最近父项的键。
ClickHouse支持 [等级](external-dicts-dict-structure.md#hierarchical-dict-attr) 属性为 [外部字典](index.md) 属性。 此属性允许您配置类似于上述的分层字典。
该 [独裁主义](../../../sql-reference/functions/ext-dict-functions.md#dictgethierarchy) 函数允许您获取元素的父链。
对于我们的例子dictionary的结构可以是以下内容:
``` xml
<dictionary>
<structure>
<id>
<name>region_id</name>
</id>
<attribute>
<name>parent_region</name>
<type>UInt64</type>
<null_value>0</null_value>
<hierarchical>true</hierarchical>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>region_name</name>
<type>String</type>
<null_value></null_value>
</attribute>
</structure>
</dictionary>
```
[原始文章](https://clickhouse.tech/docs/en/query_language/dicts/external_dicts_dict_hierarchical/) <!--hide-->