ClickHouse/docs/zh/operations/table_engines/graphitemergetree.md

GraphiteMergeTree

This engine is designed for rollup (thinning and aggregating/averaging) Graphite data. It may be helpful to developers who want to use ClickHouse as a data store for Graphite.

You can use any ClickHouse table engine to store the Graphite data if you don't need rollup, but if you need a rollup use GraphiteMergeTree. The engine reduces the volume of storage and increases the efficiency of queries from Graphite.

The engine inherits properties from MergeTree.

Creating a Table

CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] [db.]table_name [ON CLUSTER cluster]
(
    Path String,
    Time DateTime,
    Value <Numeric_type>,
    Version <Numeric_type>
    ...
) ENGINE = GraphiteMergeTree(config_section)
[PARTITION BY expr]
[ORDER BY expr]
[SAMPLE BY expr]
[SETTINGS name=value, ...]

For a description of request parameters, see request description.

A table for the Graphite date should have the following columns:

• Column with the metric name (Graphite sensor). Data type: String.

• Column with the time for measuring the metric. Data type: DateTime.

• Column with the value of the metric. Data type: any numeric.

• Column with the version of the metric with the same name and time of measurement. Data type: any numeric.

  ClickHouse saves the rows with the highest version or the last written if versions are the same. Other rows are deleted during the merge of data parts.

The names of these columns should be set in the rollup configuration.

GraphiteMergeTree parameters

• config_section — Name of the section in the configuration file, where are the rules of rollup set.

Query clauses

When creating a GraphiteMergeTree table, the same clauses are required, as when creating a MergeTree table.

Deprecated Method for Creating a Table

!!! attention Do not use this method in new projects and, if possible, switch the old projects to the method described above.

CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] [db.]table_name [ON CLUSTER cluster]
(
    EventDate Date,
    Path String,
    Time DateTime,
    Value <Numeric_type>,
    Version <Numeric_type>
    ...
) ENGINE [=] GraphiteMergeTree(date-column [, sampling_expression], (primary, key), index_granularity, config_section)

All of the parameters excepting config_section have the same meaning as in MergeTree.

• config_section — Name of the section in the configuration file, where are the rules of rollup set.

Rollup configuration

The settings for rollup are defined by the graphite_rollup parameter in the server configuration. The name of the parameter could be any. You can create several configurations and use them for different tables.

Rollup configuration structure:

required-columns
pattern
    regexp
    function
    age + precision
    ...
pattern
    ...
default
    function
    age + precision
    ...

When processing a row, ClickHouse checks the rules in the pattern section. If the metric name matches the regexp, the rules from the patternsection are applied; otherwise, the rules from the default section are used.

The rules are defined with fields function and age + precision.

Fields for pattern and default sections:

• regexp– A pattern for the metric name.
• age – The minimum age of the data in seconds.
• precision– How precisely to define the age of the data in seconds.
• function – The name of the aggregating function to apply to data whose age falls within the range [age, age + precision].

The required-columns:

• path_column_name — Column with the metric name (Graphite sensor).
• time_column_name — Column with the time for measuring the metric.
• value_column_name — Column with the value of the metric at the time set in time_column_name.
• version_column_name — Column with the version timestamp of the metric with the same name and time remains in the database.

Example of settings:

<graphite_rollup>
    <path_column_name>Path</path_column_name>
    <time_column_name>Time</time_column_name>
    <value_column_name>Value</value_column_name>
    <version_column_name>Version</version_column_name>
    <pattern>
        <regexp>click_cost</regexp>
        <function>any</function>
        <retention>
            <age>0</age>
            <precision>5</precision>
        </retention>
        <retention>
            <age>86400</age>
            <precision>60</precision>
        </retention>
    </pattern>
    <default>
        <function>max</function>
        <retention>
            <age>0</age>
            <precision>60</precision>
        </retention>
        <retention>
            <age>3600</age>
            <precision>300</precision>
        </retention>
        <retention>
            <age>86400</age>
            <precision>3600</precision>
        </retention>
    </default>
</graphite_rollup>

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