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* Added first draft of description * Added toc_priority * Updated description * Updated documentation * Added examples * Fixed links * variable fixes * minor fixes * added translation * fixed typos in translation * changed toc_title in translation * minor change * added various fixes * fixed typos * Deleted unnecessary file * Deleted extra files Co-authored-by: George <gyuton@yandex-team.ru>
382 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
382 lines
14 KiB
Markdown
---
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toc_priority: 67
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toc_title: Encryption
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---
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# Encryption functions {#encryption-functions}
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These functions implement encryption and decryption of data with AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) algorithm.
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Key length depends on encryption mode. It is 16, 24, and 32 bytes long for `-128-`, `-196-`, and `-256-` modes respectively.
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Initialization vector length is always 16 bytes (bytes in excess of 16 are ignored).
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Note that these functions work slowly.
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## encrypt {#encrypt}
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This function encrypts data using these modes:
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- aes-128-ecb, aes-192-ecb, aes-256-ecb
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- aes-128-cbc, aes-192-cbc, aes-256-cbc
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- aes-128-cfb1, aes-192-cfb1, aes-256-cfb1
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- aes-128-cfb8, aes-192-cfb8, aes-256-cfb8
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- aes-128-cfb128, aes-192-cfb128, aes-256-cfb128
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- aes-128-ofb, aes-192-ofb, aes-256-ofb
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- aes-128-gcm, aes-192-gcm, aes-256-gcm
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**Syntax**
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``` sql
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encrypt('mode', 'plaintext', 'key' [, iv, aad])
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```
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**Parameters**
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- `mode` — Encryption mode. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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- `plaintext` — Text thats need to be encrypted. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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- `key` — Encryption key. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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- `iv` — Initialization vector. Required for `-gcm` modes, optinal for others. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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- `aad` — Additional authenticated data. It isn't encrypted, but it affects decryption. Works only in `-gcm` modes, for others would throw an exception. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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**Returned value**
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- Ciphered String. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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**Examples**
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Create this table:
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Query:
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``` sql
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CREATE TABLE encryption_test
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(
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input String,
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key String DEFAULT unhex('fb9958e2e897ef3fdb49067b51a24af645b3626eed2f9ea1dc7fd4dd71b7e38f9a68db2a3184f952382c783785f9d77bf923577108a88adaacae5c141b1576b0'),
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iv String DEFAULT unhex('8CA3554377DFF8A369BC50A89780DD85'),
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key32 String DEFAULT substring(key, 1, 32),
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key24 String DEFAULT substring(key, 1, 24),
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key16 String DEFAULT substring(key, 1, 16)
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) Engine = Memory;
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```
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Insert this data:
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Query:
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``` sql
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INSERT INTO encryption_test (input) VALUES (''), ('text'), ('What Is ClickHouse?');
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```
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Example without `iv`:
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Query:
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``` sql
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SELECT 'aes-128-ecb' AS mode, hex(encrypt(mode, input, key16)) FROM encryption_test;
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```
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Result:
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``` text
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┌─mode────────┬─hex(encrypt('aes-128-ecb', input, key16))────────────────────────┐
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│ aes-128-ecb │ 4603E6862B0D94BBEC68E0B0DF51D60F │
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│ aes-128-ecb │ 3004851B86D3F3950672DE7085D27C03 │
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│ aes-128-ecb │ E807F8C8D40A11F65076361AFC7D8B68D8658C5FAA6457985CAA380F16B3F7E4 │
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└─────────────┴──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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```
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Example with `iv`:
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Query:
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``` sql
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SELECT 'aes-256-ctr' AS mode, hex(encrypt(mode, input, key32, iv)) FROM encryption_test;
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```
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Result:
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``` text
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┌─mode────────┬─hex(encrypt('aes-256-ctr', input, key32, iv))─┐
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│ aes-256-ctr │ │
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│ aes-256-ctr │ 7FB039F7 │
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│ aes-256-ctr │ 5CBD20F7ABD3AC41FCAA1A5C0E119E2B325949 │
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└─────────────┴───────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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```
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Example with `-gcm`:
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Query:
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``` sql
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SELECT 'aes-256-gcm' AS mode, hex(encrypt(mode, input, key32, iv)) FROM encryption_test;
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```
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Result:
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``` text
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┌─mode────────┬─hex(encrypt('aes-256-gcm', input, key32, iv))──────────────────────────┐
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│ aes-256-gcm │ E99DBEBC01F021758352D7FBD9039EFA │
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│ aes-256-gcm │ 8742CE3A7B0595B281C712600D274CA881F47414 │
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│ aes-256-gcm │ A44FD73ACEB1A64BDE2D03808A2576EDBB60764CC6982DB9AF2C33C893D91B00C60DC5 │
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└─────────────┴────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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```
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Example with `-gcm` mode and with `aad`:
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Query:
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``` sql
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SELECT 'aes-192-gcm' AS mode, hex(encrypt(mode, input, key24, iv, 'AAD')) FROM encryption_test;
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```
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Result:
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``` text
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┌─mode────────┬─hex(encrypt('aes-192-gcm', input, key24, iv, 'AAD'))───────────────────┐
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│ aes-192-gcm │ 04C13E4B1D62481ED22B3644595CB5DB │
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│ aes-192-gcm │ 9A6CF0FD2B329B04EAD18301818F016DF8F77447 │
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│ aes-192-gcm │ B961E9FD9B940EBAD7ADDA75C9F198A40797A5EA1722D542890CC976E21113BBB8A7AA │
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└─────────────┴────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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```
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## aes_encrypt_mysql {#aes_encrypt_mysql}
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Compatible with mysql encryption and can be decrypted with [AES_DECRYPT](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/encryption-functions.html#function_aes-decrypt) function.
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Supported encryption modes:
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- aes-128-ecb, aes-192-ecb, aes-256-ecb
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- aes-128-cbc, aes-192-cbc, aes-256-cbc
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- aes-128-cfb1, aes-192-cfb1, aes-256-cfb1
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- aes-128-cfb8, aes-192-cfb8, aes-256-cfb8
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- aes-128-cfb128, aes-192-cfb128, aes-256-cfb128
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- aes-128-ofb, aes-192-ofb, aes-256-ofb
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**Syntax**
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```sql
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aes_encrypt_mysql('mode', 'plaintext', 'key' [, iv])
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```
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**Parameters**
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- `mode` — Encryption mode. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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- `plaintext` — Text that needs to be encrypted. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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- `key` — Encryption key. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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- `iv` — Initialization vector. Optinal. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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**Returned value**
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- Ciphered String. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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**Examples**
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Create this table:
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Query:
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``` sql
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CREATE TABLE encryption_test
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(
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input String,
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key String DEFAULT unhex('fb9958e2e897ef3fdb49067b51a24af645b3626eed2f9ea1dc7fd4dd71b7e38f9a68db2a3184f952382c783785f9d77bf923577108a88adaacae5c141b1576b0'),
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iv String DEFAULT unhex('8CA3554377DFF8A369BC50A89780DD85'),
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key32 String DEFAULT substring(key, 1, 32),
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key24 String DEFAULT substring(key, 1, 24),
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key16 String DEFAULT substring(key, 1, 16)
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) Engine = Memory;
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```
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Insert this data:
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Query:
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``` sql
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INSERT INTO encryption_test (input) VALUES (''), ('text'), ('What Is ClickHouse?');
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```
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Example without `iv`:
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Query:
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``` sql
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SELECT 'aes-128-cbc' AS mode, hex(aes_encrypt_mysql(mode, input, key32)) FROM encryption_test;
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```
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Result:
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``` text
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┌─mode────────┬─hex(aes_encrypt_mysql('aes-128-cbc', input, key32))──────────────┐
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│ aes-128-cbc │ FEA8CFDE6EE2C6E7A2CC6ADDC9F62C83 │
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│ aes-128-cbc │ 78B16CD4BE107660156124C5FEE6454A │
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│ aes-128-cbc │ 67C0B119D96F18E2823968D42871B3D179221B1E7EE642D628341C2B29BA2E18 │
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└─────────────┴──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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```
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Example with `iv`:
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Query:
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``` sql
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SELECT 'aes-256-cfb128' AS mode, hex(aes_encrypt_mysql(mode, input, key32, iv)) FROM encryption_test;
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```
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Result:
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``` text
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┌─mode───────────┬─hex(aes_encrypt_mysql('aes-256-cfb128', input, key32, iv))─┐
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│ aes-256-cfb128 │ │
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│ aes-256-cfb128 │ 7FB039F7 │
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│ aes-256-cfb128 │ 5CBD20F7ABD3AC41FCAA1A5C0E119E2BB5174F │
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└────────────────┴────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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```
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## decrypt {#decrypt}
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This function decrypts data using these modes:
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- aes-128-ecb, aes-192-ecb, aes-256-ecb
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- aes-128-cbc, aes-192-cbc, aes-256-cbc
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- aes-128-cfb1, aes-192-cfb1, aes-256-cfb1
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- aes-128-cfb8, aes-192-cfb8, aes-256-cfb8
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- aes-128-cfb128, aes-192-cfb128, aes-256-cfb128
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- aes-128-ofb, aes-192-ofb, aes-256-ofb
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- aes-128-gcm, aes-192-gcm, aes-256-gcm
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**Syntax**
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```sql
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decrypt('mode', 'ciphertext', 'key' [, iv, aad])
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```
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**Parameters**
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- `mode` — Decryption mode. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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- `ciphertext` — Encrypted text that needs to be decrypted. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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- `key` — Decryption key. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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- `iv` — Initialization vector. Required for `-gcm` modes, optinal for others. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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- `aad` — Additional authenticated data. Won't decrypt if this value is incorrect. Works only in `-gcm` modes, for others would throw an exception. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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**Returned value**
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- Decrypted String. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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**Examples**
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Create this table:
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Query:
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``` sql
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CREATE TABLE encryption_test
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(
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input String,
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key String DEFAULT unhex('fb9958e2e897ef3fdb49067b51a24af645b3626eed2f9ea1dc7fd4dd71b7e38f9a68db2a3184f952382c783785f9d77bf923577108a88adaacae5c141b1576b0'),
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iv String DEFAULT unhex('8CA3554377DFF8A369BC50A89780DD85'),
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key32 String DEFAULT substring(key, 1, 32),
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key24 String DEFAULT substring(key, 1, 24),
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key16 String DEFAULT substring(key, 1, 16)
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) Engine = Memory;
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```
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Insert this data:
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Query:
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``` sql
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INSERT INTO encryption_test (input) VALUES (''), ('text'), ('What Is ClickHouse?');
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```
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Query:
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``` sql
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SELECT 'aes-128-ecb' AS mode, decrypt(mode, encrypt(mode, input, key16), key16) FROM encryption_test;
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```
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Result:
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```text
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┌─mode────────┬─decrypt('aes-128-ecb', encrypt('aes-128-ecb', input, key16), key16)─┐
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│ aes-128-ecb │ │
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│ aes-128-ecb │ text │
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│ aes-128-ecb │ What Is ClickHouse? │
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└─────────────┴─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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```
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## aes_decrypt_mysql {#aes_decrypt_mysql}
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Compatible with mysql encryption and decrypts data encrypted with [AES_ENCRYPT](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/encryption-functions.html#function_aes-encrypt) function.
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Supported decryption modes:
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- aes-128-ecb, aes-192-ecb, aes-256-ecb
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- aes-128-cbc, aes-192-cbc, aes-256-cbc
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- aes-128-cfb1, aes-192-cfb1, aes-256-cfb1
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- aes-128-cfb8, aes-192-cfb8, aes-256-cfb8
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- aes-128-cfb128, aes-192-cfb128, aes-256-cfb128
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- aes-128-ofb, aes-192-ofb, aes-256-ofb
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**Syntax**
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```sql
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aes_decrypt_mysql('mode', 'ciphertext', 'key' [, iv])
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```
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**Parameters**
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- `mode` — Decryption mode. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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- `ciphertext` — Encrypted text that needs to be decrypted. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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- `key` — Decryption key. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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- `iv` — Initialization vector. Optinal. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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**Returned value**
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- Decrypted String. [String](../../sql-reference/data-types/string.md#string).
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**Examples**
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Create this table:
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Query:
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``` sql
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CREATE TABLE encryption_test
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(
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input String,
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key String DEFAULT unhex('fb9958e2e897ef3fdb49067b51a24af645b3626eed2f9ea1dc7fd4dd71b7e38f9a68db2a3184f952382c783785f9d77bf923577108a88adaacae5c141b1576b0'),
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iv String DEFAULT unhex('8CA3554377DFF8A369BC50A89780DD85'),
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key32 String DEFAULT substring(key, 1, 32),
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key24 String DEFAULT substring(key, 1, 24),
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key16 String DEFAULT substring(key, 1, 16)
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) Engine = Memory;
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```
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Insert this data:
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Query:
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``` sql
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INSERT INTO encryption_test (input) VALUES (''), ('text'), ('What Is ClickHouse?');
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```
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Query:
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``` sql
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SELECT 'aes-128-cbc' AS mode, aes_decrypt_mysql(mode, aes_encrypt_mysql(mode, input, key), key) FROM encryption_test;
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```
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Result:
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``` text
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┌─mode────────┬─aes_decrypt_mysql('aes-128-cbc', aes_encrypt_mysql('aes-128-cbc', input, key), key)─┐
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│ aes-128-cbc │ │
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│ aes-128-cbc │ text │
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│ aes-128-cbc │ What Is ClickHouse? │
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└─────────────┴─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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```
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[Original article](https://clickhouse.tech/docs/en/sql-reference/functions/encryption_functions/) <!--hide-->
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