ClickHouse/docs/en/engines/table-engines/integrations/mongodb.md

slug	sidebar_position	sidebar_label
/en/engines/table-engines/integrations/mongodb	135	MongoDB

MongoDB

MongoDB engine is read-only table engine which allows to read data from remote MongoDB collection.

Only MongoDB v3.6+ servers are supported. Seed list(mongodb+srv) is not yet supported.

Creating a Table

CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] [db.]table_name
(
    name1 [type1],
    name2 [type2],
    ...
) ENGINE = MongoDB(host:port, database, collection, user, password [, options]);

Engine Parameters

• host:port — MongoDB server address.

• database — Remote database name.

• collection — Remote collection name.

• user — MongoDB user.

• password — User password.

• options — MongoDB connection string options (optional parameter).

:::tip If you are using the MongoDB Atlas cloud offering connection url can be obtained from 'Atlas SQL' option. Seed list(mongodb**+srv**) is not yet supported, but will be added in future releases. :::

Also, you can simply pass a URI:

ENGINE = MongoDB(uri, collection);

Engine Parameters

• uri — MongoDB server's connection URI

• collection — Remote collection name.

Types mappings

MongoDB	ClickHouse
bool, int32, int64	any numeric type, String
double	Float64, String
date	Date, Date32, DateTime, DateTime64, String
string	String, UUID
document	String(as JSON)
array	Array, String(as JSON)
oid	String
binary	String if in column, base64 encoded string if in an array or document
any other	String

If key is not found in MongoDB document (for example, column name doesn't match), default value or NULL (if the column is nullable) will be inserted.

Supported clauses

Only queries with simple expressions are supported (for example, WHERE field = <constant> ORDER BY field2 LIMIT <constant>). Such expressions are translated to MongoDB query language and executed on the server side. You can disable all these restriction, using mongodb_throw_on_unsupported_query. In that case ClickHouse tries to convert query on best effort basis, but it can lead to full table scan and processing on ClickHouse side.

:::note It's always better to explicitly set type of literal because Mongo requires strict typed filters.
For example you want to filter by Date:

SELECT * FROM mongo_table WHERE date = '2024-01-01'

This will not work because Mongo will not cast string to Date, so you need to cast it manually:

SELECT * FROM mongo_table WHERE date = '2024-01-01'::Date OR date = toDate('2024-01-01')

This applied for Date, Date32, DateTime, Bool, UUID.

:::

Usage Example

Assuming MongoDB has sample_mflix dataset loaded

Create a table in ClickHouse which allows to read data from MongoDB collection:

CREATE TABLE sample_mflix_table
(
    _id String,
    title String,
    plot String,
    genres Array(String),
    directors Array(String),
    writers Array(String),
    released Date,
    imdb String,
    year String,
) ENGINE = MongoDB('mongodb://<USERNAME>:<PASSWORD>@atlas-sql-6634be87cefd3876070caf96-98lxs.a.query.mongodb.net/sample_mflix?ssl=true&authSource=admin', 'movies');

Query:

SELECT count() FROM sample_mflix_table

   ┌─count()─┐
1. │   21349 │
   └─────────┘

-- JSONExtractString cannot be pushed down to MongoDB
SET mongodb_throw_on_unsupported_query = 0;

-- Find all 'Back to the Future' sequels with rating > 7.5
SELECT title, plot, genres, directors, released FROM sample_mflix_table
WHERE title IN ('Back to the Future', 'Back to the Future Part II', 'Back to the Future Part III')
    AND toFloat32(JSONExtractString(imdb, 'rating')) > 7.5
ORDER BY year
FORMAT Vertical;

Row 1:
──────
title:     Back to the Future
plot:      A young man is accidentally sent 30 years into the past in a time-traveling DeLorean invented by his friend, Dr. Emmett Brown, and must make sure his high-school-age parents unite in order to save his own existence.
genres:    ['Adventure','Comedy','Sci-Fi']
directors: ['Robert Zemeckis']
released:  1985-07-03

Row 2:
──────
title:     Back to the Future Part II
plot:      After visiting 2015, Marty McFly must repeat his visit to 1955 to prevent disastrous changes to 1985... without interfering with his first trip.
genres:    ['Action','Adventure','Comedy']
directors: ['Robert Zemeckis']
released:  1989-11-22

-- Find top 3 movies based on Cormac McCarthy's books
SELECT title, toFloat32(JSONExtractString(imdb, 'rating')) as rating
FROM sample_mflix_table
WHERE arrayExists(x -> x like 'Cormac McCarthy%', writers)
ORDER BY rating DESC
LIMIT 3;

   ┌─title──────────────────┬─rating─┐
1. │ No Country for Old Men │    8.1 │
2. │ The Sunset Limited     │    7.4 │
3. │ The Road               │    7.3 │
   └────────────────────────┴────────┘

Troubleshooting

You can see the generated MongoDB query in DEBUG level logs.

Implementation details can be found in mongocxx and mongoc documentations.