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313 lines
6.7 KiB
Markdown
313 lines
6.7 KiB
Markdown
---
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machine_translated: true
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machine_translated_rev: 72537a2d527c63c07aa5d2361a8829f3895cf2bd
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toc_priority: 63
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toc_title: Trabajar con argumentos Nullable
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---
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# Funciones para trabajar con agregados anulables {#functions-for-working-with-nullable-aggregates}
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## IsNull {#isnull}
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Comprueba si el argumento es [NULL](../../sql-reference/syntax.md#null-literal).
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``` sql
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isNull(x)
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```
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**Parámetros**
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- `x` — A value with a non-compound data type.
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**Valor devuelto**
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- `1` si `x` ser `NULL`.
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- `0` si `x` no es `NULL`.
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**Ejemplo**
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Tabla de entrada
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``` text
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┌─x─┬────y─┐
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│ 1 │ ᴺᵁᴸᴸ │
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│ 2 │ 3 │
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└───┴──────┘
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```
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Consulta
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``` sql
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SELECT x FROM t_null WHERE isNull(y)
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```
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``` text
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┌─x─┐
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│ 1 │
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└───┘
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```
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## isNotNull {#isnotnull}
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Comprueba si el argumento es [NULL](../../sql-reference/syntax.md#null-literal).
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``` sql
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isNotNull(x)
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```
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**Parámetros:**
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- `x` — A value with a non-compound data type.
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**Valor devuelto**
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- `0` si `x` ser `NULL`.
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- `1` si `x` no es `NULL`.
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**Ejemplo**
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Tabla de entrada
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``` text
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┌─x─┬────y─┐
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│ 1 │ ᴺᵁᴸᴸ │
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│ 2 │ 3 │
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└───┴──────┘
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```
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Consulta
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``` sql
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SELECT x FROM t_null WHERE isNotNull(y)
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```
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``` text
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┌─x─┐
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│ 2 │
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└───┘
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```
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## Coalesce {#coalesce}
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Comprueba de izquierda a derecha si `NULL` se aprobaron argumentos y devuelve el primer no-`NULL` argumento.
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``` sql
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coalesce(x,...)
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```
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**Parámetros:**
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- Cualquier número de parámetros de un tipo no compuesto. Todos los parámetros deben ser compatibles por tipo de datos.
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**Valores devueltos**
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- El primer no-`NULL` argumento.
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- `NULL` si todos los argumentos son `NULL`.
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**Ejemplo**
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Considere una lista de contactos que pueden especificar varias formas de contactar a un cliente.
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``` text
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┌─name─────┬─mail─┬─phone─────┬──icq─┐
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│ client 1 │ ᴺᵁᴸᴸ │ 123-45-67 │ 123 │
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│ client 2 │ ᴺᵁᴸᴸ │ ᴺᵁᴸᴸ │ ᴺᵁᴸᴸ │
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└──────────┴──────┴───────────┴──────┘
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```
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El `mail` y `phone` los campos son de tipo String, pero el `icq` campo `UInt32`, por lo que necesita ser convertido a `String`.
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Obtenga el primer método de contacto disponible para el cliente de la lista de contactos:
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``` sql
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SELECT coalesce(mail, phone, CAST(icq,'Nullable(String)')) FROM aBook
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```
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``` text
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┌─name─────┬─coalesce(mail, phone, CAST(icq, 'Nullable(String)'))─┐
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│ client 1 │ 123-45-67 │
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│ client 2 │ ᴺᵁᴸᴸ │
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└──────────┴──────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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```
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## ifNull {#ifnull}
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Devuelve un valor alternativo si el argumento principal es `NULL`.
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``` sql
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ifNull(x,alt)
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```
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**Parámetros:**
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- `x` — The value to check for `NULL`.
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- `alt` — The value that the function returns if `x` ser `NULL`.
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**Valores devueltos**
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- Valor `x`, si `x` no es `NULL`.
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- Valor `alt`, si `x` ser `NULL`.
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**Ejemplo**
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``` sql
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SELECT ifNull('a', 'b')
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```
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``` text
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┌─ifNull('a', 'b')─┐
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│ a │
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└──────────────────┘
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```
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``` sql
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SELECT ifNull(NULL, 'b')
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```
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``` text
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┌─ifNull(NULL, 'b')─┐
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│ b │
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└───────────────────┘
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```
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## nullIf {#nullif}
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Devoluciones `NULL` si los argumentos son iguales.
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``` sql
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nullIf(x, y)
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```
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**Parámetros:**
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`x`, `y` — Values for comparison. They must be compatible types, or ClickHouse will generate an exception.
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**Valores devueltos**
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- `NULL` si los argumentos son iguales.
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- El `x` valor, si los argumentos no son iguales.
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**Ejemplo**
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``` sql
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SELECT nullIf(1, 1)
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```
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``` text
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┌─nullIf(1, 1)─┐
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│ ᴺᵁᴸᴸ │
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└──────────────┘
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```
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``` sql
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SELECT nullIf(1, 2)
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```
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``` text
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┌─nullIf(1, 2)─┐
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│ 1 │
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└──────────────┘
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```
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## assumeNotNull {#assumenotnull}
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Resultados en un valor de tipo [NULL](../../sql-reference/data-types/nullable.md) para un no- `Nullable` si el valor no es `NULL`.
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``` sql
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assumeNotNull(x)
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```
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**Parámetros:**
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- `x` — The original value.
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**Valores devueltos**
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- El valor original del-`Nullable` tipo, si no es `NULL`.
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- El valor predeterminado para el-`Nullable` tipo si el valor original fue `NULL`.
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**Ejemplo**
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Considere el `t_null` tabla.
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``` sql
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SHOW CREATE TABLE t_null
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```
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``` text
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┌─statement─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
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│ CREATE TABLE default.t_null ( x Int8, y Nullable(Int8)) ENGINE = TinyLog │
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└───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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```
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``` text
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┌─x─┬────y─┐
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│ 1 │ ᴺᵁᴸᴸ │
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│ 2 │ 3 │
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└───┴──────┘
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```
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Aplicar el `assumeNotNull` función a la `y` columna.
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``` sql
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SELECT assumeNotNull(y) FROM t_null
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```
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``` text
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┌─assumeNotNull(y)─┐
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│ 0 │
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│ 3 │
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└──────────────────┘
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```
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``` sql
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SELECT toTypeName(assumeNotNull(y)) FROM t_null
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```
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``` text
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┌─toTypeName(assumeNotNull(y))─┐
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│ Int8 │
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│ Int8 │
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└──────────────────────────────┘
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```
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## Acerca de Nosotros {#tonullable}
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Convierte el tipo de argumento a `Nullable`.
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``` sql
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toNullable(x)
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```
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**Parámetros:**
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- `x` — The value of any non-compound type.
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**Valor devuelto**
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- El valor de entrada con un `Nullable` tipo.
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**Ejemplo**
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``` sql
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SELECT toTypeName(10)
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```
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``` text
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┌─toTypeName(10)─┐
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│ UInt8 │
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└────────────────┘
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```
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``` sql
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SELECT toTypeName(toNullable(10))
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```
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``` text
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┌─toTypeName(toNullable(10))─┐
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│ Nullable(UInt8) │
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└────────────────────────────┘
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```
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[Artículo Original](https://clickhouse.tech/docs/en/query_language/functions/functions_for_nulls/) <!--hide-->
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