mirror of
https://github.com/ClickHouse/ClickHouse.git
synced 2024-11-24 08:32:02 +00:00
107 lines
4.0 KiB
Markdown
107 lines
4.0 KiB
Markdown
---
|
||
slug: /zh/operations/quotas
|
||
---
|
||
# 配额 {#quotas}
|
||
|
||
配额允许您在一段时间内限制资源使用情况，或者只是跟踪资源的使用。
|
||
配额在用户配置中设置。 这通常是 ‘users.xml’.
|
||
|
||
The system also has a feature for limiting the complexity of a single query. See the section «Restrictions on query complexity»).
|
||
|
||
与查询复杂性限制相比，配额:
|
||
|
||
- 对可以在一段时间内运行的一组查询设置限制，而不是限制单个查询。
|
||
- 占用在所有远程服务器上用于分布式查询处理的资源。
|
||
|
||
让我们来看看的部分 ‘users.xml’ 定义配额的文件。
|
||
|
||
``` xml
|
||
<!-- Quotas -->
|
||
<quotas>
|
||
<!-- Quota name. -->
|
||
<default>
|
||
<!-- Restrictions for a time period. You can set many intervals with different restrictions. -->
|
||
<interval>
|
||
<!-- Length of the interval. -->
|
||
<duration>3600</duration>
|
||
|
||
<!-- Unlimited. Just collect data for the specified time interval. -->
|
||
<queries>0</queries>
|
||
<errors>0</errors>
|
||
<result_rows>0</result_rows>
|
||
<read_rows>0</read_rows>
|
||
<execution_time>0</execution_time>
|
||
</interval>
|
||
</default>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
默认情况下，配额只跟踪每小时的资源消耗，而不限制使用情况。
|
||
每次请求后，计算出的每个时间间隔的资源消耗将输出到服务器日志中。
|
||
|
||
``` xml
|
||
<statbox>
|
||
<!-- Restrictions for a time period. You can set many intervals with different restrictions. -->
|
||
<interval>
|
||
<!-- Length of the interval. -->
|
||
<duration>3600</duration>
|
||
|
||
<queries>1000</queries>
|
||
<errors>100</errors>
|
||
<result_rows>1000000000</result_rows>
|
||
<read_rows>100000000000</read_rows>
|
||
<execution_time>900</execution_time>
|
||
</interval>
|
||
|
||
<interval>
|
||
<duration>86400</duration>
|
||
|
||
<queries>10000</queries>
|
||
<errors>1000</errors>
|
||
<result_rows>5000000000</result_rows>
|
||
<read_rows>500000000000</read_rows>
|
||
<execution_time>7200</execution_time>
|
||
</interval>
|
||
</statbox>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
为 ‘statbox’ 配额，限制设置为每小时和每24小时（86,400秒）。 时间间隔从实现定义的固定时刻开始计数。 换句话说，24小时间隔不一定从午夜开始。
|
||
|
||
间隔结束时，将清除所有收集的值。 在下一个小时内，配额计算将重新开始。
|
||
|
||
以下是可以限制的金额:
|
||
|
||
`queries` – The total number of requests.
|
||
|
||
`errors` – The number of queries that threw an exception.
|
||
|
||
`result_rows` – The total number of rows given as the result.
|
||
|
||
`read_rows` – The total number of source rows read from tables for running the query, on all remote servers.
|
||
|
||
`execution_time` – The total query execution time, in seconds (wall time).
|
||
|
||
如果在至少一个时间间隔内超出限制，则会引发异常，其中包含有关超出了哪个限制、哪个时间间隔以及新时间间隔开始时（何时可以再次发送查询）的文本。
|
||
|
||
Quotas can use the «quota key» feature in order to report on resources for multiple keys independently. Here is an example of this:
|
||
|
||
``` xml
|
||
<!-- For the global reports designer. -->
|
||
<web_global>
|
||
<!-- keyed – The quota_key "key" is passed in the query parameter,
|
||
and the quota is tracked separately for each key value.
|
||
For example, you can pass a Yandex.Metrica username as the key,
|
||
so the quota will be counted separately for each username.
|
||
Using keys makes sense only if quota_key is transmitted by the program, not by a user.
|
||
|
||
You can also write <keyed_by_ip /> so the IP address is used as the quota key.
|
||
(But keep in mind that users can change the IPv6 address fairly easily.)
|
||
-->
|
||
<keyed />
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
配额分配给用户 ‘users’ section of the config. See the section «Access rights».
|
||
|
||
For distributed query processing, the accumulated amounts are stored on the requestor server. So if the user goes to another server, the quota there will «start over».
|
||
|
||
服务器重新启动时，将重置配额。
|